Minor Ailments Flashcards
what is the most common type of onychomycosis
distal lateral subungual onychomycosis
proximal subungual onychomycosis is common _________ pts
immunocomp
superficial white onychomycosis is common in
children
if there is =>60% nail involvement, what is the preferred tx
PO terbinafine for 6-12wks for fingers, 12-24wks for toes
what is the pref tx if there is <60% nail involvement
topical efinaconazole
+ PO terbinafine if >3 nails involved
how many weeks do ciclopirox of efinaconazole need to be applied for onychomycosis
48wks
what labs need to be done before doing PO terbinafine
LFTs baseline and halfway through tx
what is teh gold standard for measuring body temp in <5yrs, what is >5?
<5 = erctal, >5 = oral
when do teething sx appear? when do they peak?
4 days before eruption, peaks 1-2 days before
can oral AH be used as monotx for nasal congestion
no- should add INCS
2nd gen AH for allergies are most effective when taken
prophylactically 1-2hrs before exposure (onset takes 1 hr)
caution in ________ patients for 1nd gen AHs
renal impaired
decongestants should be avoided with ________ (class of drug) within_ ______(time)
MAOis within 2 wks
when do INCS peak effect
1-2wks
montelukast is better when added with _________
2nd gen AH
what is the drug (s) of choice for allergies in pregnancy
chlorpheniramine (or diphenhydramine)
INCS
do topical AMGs have ototoxicity properties
yes
should acetic acid be used with topical FQ for otitis externa
No- acetic acid is a drying agent that should not be uased during active tx
for kids <3yrs, how should you counsel to admin ear drops
pull ear down and back
use enough drops to fill external auditory canal ~3-4ggt
remain on side for 3-5min
how long should you remain on ur side after ear drops? how long before you switch sides?
3-5min
5-10min
what should be the NRT patch dose for someone who smokes 15 cigs/d and fisrt smokes as soon as he gets up
14mg but +7mg because within 30 min = 21mg patch
what is the max # of NRT gum per day
20
when should varenicline and bupropion be started before the quit date
1-2wks
which of the following is NOT better than monotx
1. NRT patch + gum
2. NRT patch + bupropion
3. NRT patch + varenicline
4. NRT patch + inhler
2
which smoking cessation drug should be avoided in pregnancy
varenicline
patients drinking ___ cups of coffee a day should half their intake when stopping smoking
4
which malaria drugs are safe in pregnancy
chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine
mefloquine
which antimalarials are started 1-2d ebfore and continued for 1wk after
atovaquone/proguanil
primaquine
which antimalarial is started 1-2d before and continued for 1 mth after
doxycycline
which antimalarials are started 1 wk before and continued for 1 mth after
chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine
mefloquine
what is the max duration for primaquine use
14d
chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine are CI in pts with
psoriasis or seizures
what drugs are used for prophylaxis or tx of high altitude illness
acetazolamide
dexamethasone (double dose/ freq for tx)
what mosquito borne illness can be passed from pregnant women to fetus
zikaa
avoid conception for 2mths (W), 3 mths (M)
when should mefloquine be started in first time users
2-3 wks before leaving if time allows to be able to assess for AEs (psych disorders, etc)
when should you see travel specialist for vaccines/ prophylaxis before ur trip
6wks before leaving
-floxacin (cipro/levo/norfloxacin) are which class
fluoroquinolones
only those ____ yrs and healthy should get live attenuated vaccines
<60
what kind of vaccines always require >1 dose
inactivated
