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Anatomy & Physiology I > MINI Test 1 > Flashcards

MINI Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the anatomical right and left?

A

The anatomical right is my left side, and the anatomical left is my right side.

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2
Q

What’s another word for SUPERFICIAL?

A

External

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3
Q

Define SUPERFICIAL/EXTERNAL

A

Toward or at the body surface.

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4
Q

What are the LIMBS?

A

It refers to the extremities of the body: arms and legs.

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5
Q

Can you refer to SUPERIOR & INFERIOR when talking about LIMBS?

A

NO, only when talking about the trunk. But you can instead refer to PROXIMAL & DISTAL.

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6
Q

What is the TRUNK? What parts of the body does that include?

A

Everything except the LIMBS (head, neck and torso)

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7
Q

Can you refer to PROXIMAL & DISTAL when talking about the TRUNK?

A

NO, you can only refer to those when talking about the LIMBS. Instead, you can use SUPERIOR & INFERIOR. (CHECK IF THIS IS CORRRECT)

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8
Q

Whats the opposite of superficial? And what’s another word for it?

A

Deep. Internal.

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9
Q

Whats the definition of DEEP/INTERNAL?

A

Far from the body’s surface

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10
Q

What are the two REGIONAL TERMS divisions?

A

Appendicular & Axial

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11
Q

What parts of the body does the AXIAL regional term include?

A

Head, neck and trunk.

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12
Q

What parts of the body does the APPENDICULAR regional term include?

A

Limbs: arms and legs.

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13
Q

Whats another word for SUPERIOR? Whats the definition?

A

CRANIAL. Toward the head, above (when talking about the AXIAL regional term).

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14
Q

Whats the opposite of SUPERIOR/CRANIAL? Whats another name for it?

A

INFERIOR. CAUDAL

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15
Q

Definition of INFERIOR/CAUDAL

A

Away from the head (when talking about the axial regional term).

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16
Q

Whats another name for ANTERIOR?

A

VENTRAL

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17
Q

Definition of ANTERIOR/VENTRAL

A

At the front of the body, in front of.

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18
Q

Opposite of ANTERIOR/VENTRAL. Mention the TWO names.

A

Posterior/Dorsal

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19
Q

Definition of POSTERIOR/DORSAL.

A

At the back of the body, behind.

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20
Q

Mention all the DIRECTIONAL terms.

A

5

SUPERIOR/CRANIAL - INFERIOR/CAUDAL
ANTERIOR/VENTRAL - POSTERIOR/DORSAL
SUPERFICIAL/EXTERNAL- DEEP/INTERNAL
MEDIAL - LATERAL
PROXIMAL - DISTAL

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21
Q

Mention all the REGIONAL terms.

A
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22
Q

Definition of MEDIAL.

A

Toward or at the MIDLINE of the body.

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23
Q

Opposite of MEDIAL.

A

LATERAL

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24
Q

Definition of LATERAL

A

Away from the midline, toward the SIDE.

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25
Q

What’s PROXIMAL?

A

Closer from the point of origin/attachment. For the limbs: closer to the body trunk. For a tube: closer to the place where material enters.

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26
Q

Opposite of PROXIMAL.

A

DISTAL

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27
Q

What’s DISTAL?

A

Further from the point of origin. For limbs: farther from the trunk. For a tube: closer to end where material exits (far from the trunk).

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28
Q

Give FOUR examples of uses of the REGIONAL terms in clinical practices.

A
  • Draw blood from a patients ANTECUBITAL region
  • Check a patients PEDAL pulses on the foot
  • Prep a patients INGUINAL region for a heart catheterization
  • Palpate a patients CERVICAL lymph nodes to check for swelling
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29
Q

How many body PLANES & regions are there? Mention them all w/ name variations.

A

THREE.

FRONTAL/ CORONAL PLANE
SAGITTAL PLANE
TRANSVERSE/ HORIZONTAL PLANE/ CROSS SECTION

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30
Q

Describe FRONTAL/CORONAL plane

A

Divides body into ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR portions, vertically.

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31
Q

Describe SAGITTAL plane

A

Divides body into RIGHT & LEFT portions, vertically.

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32
Q

Whats another word for CORONAL plane?

A

FRONTAL plane

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33
Q

Whats another name for TRANSVERSE plane?

A

HORIZONTAL PLANE / CROSS SECTION

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34
Q

Describe TRANSVERSE/ CROSS SECTION/ HORIZONTAL plane.

A

Divides body into SUPERIOR & INFERIOR portions, horizontally.

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35
Q

Whats MIDSAGITTAL?

A

Sagittal plane in the midline

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36
Q

What’s the difference between MIDSAGITTAL & MIDLINE?

A

MIDSAGITTAL: dives the body/organ equality into two portions
MIDLINE: central diving line (there no necessary a symmetry)

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37
Q

Difference between TRUNK & TORSO.

A
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38
Q

Describe ANATOMICAL POSITION

A

Body is standing: head, feet & hands face forward. Arms are on the side.

39
Q

What are DIRECTIONAL TERMS used for?

A

To explain precisely where one part of the body is in relation to another.

40
Q

Whats the relation between the DIRECTIONAL TERMS & THE ANATOMICAL POSITION?

A

When using DIRECTIONAL TERMS, you must do it thinking about the ANATOMICAL POSITION.

41
Q

Define ORGAN SYSTEMS

A

Organs that work together to perform a common function

42
Q

Define ORGANS

A

Two or more tissues with a common function (ex. Blood vessel)

43
Q

How many ORGAN SYSTEMS do we have? Mention them all.

A

12

Cardiovascular
Digestive
Endocrine
Female reproductive
Integumentary
Lymphatic
Male reproductive
Muscular
Nervous
Respiratory
Skeletal
Urinary

44
Q

Whats the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM’s function?

A

To pump/transport blood that contains OXYGEN, CARBON DIOXIDE, & NUTRIENTS.

45
Q

What ORGANS form part of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM? How many?

A

2
Heart & blood vessels.

46
Q

What’s the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ‘S function?

A

To break down food into absorbable units, which then enter the blood to be distribute to body cells.

47
Q

What organs form part of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM? How many?

A

6
Oral cavity, esophagus, liver, stomach, small & large intestine.

48
Q

Whats the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ‘s function?

A

To secrete hormones, which regulate growth, reproduction & nutrient use.

49
Q

What ORGANS form the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM?

A

7
Pineal, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovary/testis.

50
Q

Whats the FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM’s function?

A

To produce female sex hormones, eggs & milk. Makes space for the development of the fetus.

51
Q

What ORGANS form part of the FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM? How many?

A

5
Mammary glands, ovary, uterus, uterine tubes & vagina.

52
Q

Whats the INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM’s function?

A

To form the external body covering (skin , hair & nails). Synthesizes vitamin D. Sensory receptors; receives & then sends signals to the nervous system about externals stimulates (touch, temp, pressure).

53
Q

What ORGANS are part of the INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM? How many?

A

3
Hair, skin & nails

54
Q

Whats the LYMPHATIC/IMMUNE SYSTEM’s function?

A
  • Prevents swelling and edema by collecting leaked fluid from the blood and returns it back.
  • defense against pathogens; white cells.
55
Q

What organs are part of the LYMPHATIC/IMMUNE SYSTEM? How many?

A

5
Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, red bone marrow, spleen, thoracic duct.

56
Q

Whats the MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM’s function?

A

Produces male hormones and sperm.

57
Q

What organs form part of the MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM?

A

5
Penis, testis, prostate gland, scrotum, ductus deferens

58
Q

What’s the MUSCULAR SYSTEM’s function?

A

Facial expressions; maintains posture; produces heat; locomotion; manipulation of environment.

59
Q

What organs are part of the MUSCULAR SYSTEM?

A

Skeletal muscles

60
Q

Whats the NERVOUS SYSTEM’s function?

A

Respond to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands;
Fast acting control systems.

61
Q

What organs form part of the NERVOUS SYSTEM?

A

4
BRAIN; NERVES; SENSORY RECEPTORS; SPINAL CORD

62
Q

What’s the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM’s function?

A

GAS EXCHANGE: Oxygen supply; removes carbon dioxide from the blood.

63
Q

What organs are part of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?

A

6
NASAL CAVITY; PHARYNX; LARYNX; TRACHEA; BRONCHUS; LUNGS

64
Q

Whats the URINARY SYSTEM’s function?

A

Eliminates nitrogenous through the urine; REGULATES BALANCE OF FLUIDS: WATER, ELECTROLYTE. BALANCE ACID-BASED; DETOX.

65
Q

What organs are part of the URINARY SYSTEM?

A

4
URINARY BLADDER; URETER; URETHRA; KIDNEY

66
Q

Which regional term does the HEAD belong to?

A

CEPHALIC

67
Q

Which regional term does the ARMPIT belong to?

A

AXILLARY

68
Q

Which regional term does the EAR belong to?

A

OTIC

69
Q

Which regional term does the BREAST belong to?

A

MAMMARY

70
Q

Which regional term does the BACK OF KNEE belong to?

A

POPLITEAL

71
Q

Which regional term does the FOOT belong to?

A

PEDAL

72
Q

Which regional term does the CHEEK belong to?

A

BUCCAL

73
Q

Which regional term does the PELVIS REGION belong to?

A

PELVIC

74
Q

Which regional term does the MOUTH belong to?

A

ORAL

75
Q

Which regional term does the FOREARM belong to?

A

ANTEBRACHIAL

76
Q

Which regional term does the CHEST belong to?

A

THORACIC

77
Q

Which regional term does the NECK REGION belong to?

A

CERVICAL

78
Q

Which regional term does the ARM belong to?

A

BRACHIAL

79
Q

Which regional term does the FINGERS & TOES belong to?

A

DIGITAL

80
Q

Which regional term does the ANTERIOR TRUNK REGION INFERIOR TO THE RIBS belong to?

A

ABDOMINAL

81
Q

Which regional term does the ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE ELBOW belong to?

A

ANTECUBITAL

82
Q

Which regional term does the NOSE belong to?

A

NASAL

83
Q

Which regional term does the REGION BETWEEN ANUS & EXTERNAL GENITALIA belong to?

A

PERINEAL

84
Q

Which regional term does the GROIN belong to?

A

INGUINAL

85
Q

Which regional term does the GENITAL REGION belong to?

A

PUBIC

86
Q

Which regional term does the HIP belong to?

A

COXAL

87
Q

Which regional term does the POSTERIOR ASPECT OF HEAD OR BASE OF SKULL belong to?

A

OCCIPITAL

88
Q

Which regional term does the NAVAL belong to?

A

UMBILICAL

89
Q

Which regional term does the THIGH belong to?

A

FEMORAL

90
Q

Which regional term does the BONY EYE SOCKET (ORBIT) belong to?

A

ORBITAL

91
Q

Which regional term does the BUTTOCKS OR RUMP belong to?

A

GLUTEAL

92
Q

Whats the SKELETAL SYSTEM’s function?

A

Protect and support body organs; framework for muscles; form blood cells; stores minerals.

93
Q

What organs are part of the SKELETAL SYSTEM?

A

All bones and joints

Anatomy & Physiology I (5 decks)

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