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Anatomy & Physiology I > MINI Test 1 > Flashcards

MINI Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the anatomical right and left?

A

The anatomical right is my left side, and the anatomical left is my right side.

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2
Q

What’s another word for SUPERFICIAL?

A

External

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3
Q

Define SUPERFICIAL/EXTERNAL

A

Toward or at the body surface.

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4
Q

What are the LIMBS?

A

It refers to the extremities of the body: arms and legs.

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5
Q

Can you refer to SUPERIOR & INFERIOR when talking about LIMBS?

A

NO, only when talking about the trunk. But you can instead refer to PROXIMAL & DISTAL.

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6
Q

What is the TRUNK? What parts of the body does that include?

A

Everything except the LIMBS (head, neck and torso)

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7
Q

Can you refer to PROXIMAL & DISTAL when talking about the TRUNK?

A

NO, you can only refer to those when talking about the LIMBS. Instead, you can use SUPERIOR & INFERIOR. (CHECK IF THIS IS CORRRECT)

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8
Q

Whats the opposite of superficial? And what’s another word for it?

A

Deep. Internal.

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9
Q

Whats the definition of DEEP/INTERNAL?

A

Far from the body’s surface

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10
Q

What are the two REGIONAL TERMS divisions?

A

Appendicular & Axial

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11
Q

What parts of the body does the AXIAL regional term include?

A

Head, neck and trunk.

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12
Q

What parts of the body does the APPENDICULAR regional term include?

A

Limbs: arms and legs.

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13
Q

Whats another word for SUPERIOR? Whats the definition?

A

CRANIAL. Toward the head, above (when talking about the AXIAL regional term).

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14
Q

Whats the opposite of SUPERIOR/CRANIAL? Whats another name for it?

A

INFERIOR. CAUDAL

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15
Q

Definition of INFERIOR/CAUDAL

A

Away from the head (when talking about the axial regional term).

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16
Q

Whats another name for ANTERIOR?

A

VENTRAL

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17
Q

Definition of ANTERIOR/VENTRAL

A

At the front of the body, in front of.

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18
Q

Opposite of ANTERIOR/VENTRAL. Mention the TWO names.

A

Posterior/Dorsal

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19
Q

Definition of POSTERIOR/DORSAL.

A

At the back of the body, behind.

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20
Q

Mention all the DIRECTIONAL terms.

A

5

SUPERIOR/CRANIAL - INFERIOR/CAUDAL
ANTERIOR/VENTRAL - POSTERIOR/DORSAL
SUPERFICIAL/EXTERNAL- DEEP/INTERNAL
MEDIAL - LATERAL
PROXIMAL - DISTAL

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21
Q

Mention all the REGIONAL terms.

A
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22
Q

Definition of MEDIAL.

A

Toward or at the MIDLINE of the body.

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23
Q

Opposite of MEDIAL.

A

LATERAL

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24
Q

Definition of LATERAL

A

Away from the midline, toward the SIDE.

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25
What’s PROXIMAL?
Closer from the point of origin/attachment. For the limbs: closer to the body trunk. For a tube: closer to the place where material enters.
26
Opposite of PROXIMAL.
DISTAL
27
What’s DISTAL?
Further from the point of origin. For limbs: farther from the trunk. For a tube: closer to end where material exits (far from the trunk).
28
Give FOUR examples of uses of the REGIONAL terms in clinical practices.
- Draw blood from a patients ANTECUBITAL region - Check a patients PEDAL pulses on the foot - Prep a patients INGUINAL region for a heart catheterization - Palpate a patients CERVICAL lymph nodes to check for swelling
29
How many body PLANES & regions are there? Mention them all w/ name variations.
THREE. FRONTAL/ CORONAL PLANE SAGITTAL PLANE TRANSVERSE/ HORIZONTAL PLANE/ CROSS SECTION
30
Describe FRONTAL/CORONAL plane
Divides body into ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR portions, vertically.
31
Describe SAGITTAL plane
Divides body into RIGHT & LEFT portions, vertically.
32
Whats another word for CORONAL plane?
FRONTAL plane
33
Whats another name for TRANSVERSE plane?
HORIZONTAL PLANE / CROSS SECTION
34
Describe TRANSVERSE/ CROSS SECTION/ HORIZONTAL plane.
Divides body into SUPERIOR & INFERIOR portions, horizontally.
35
Whats MIDSAGITTAL?
Sagittal plane in the midline
36
What’s the difference between MIDSAGITTAL & MIDLINE?
MIDSAGITTAL: dives the body/organ equality into two portions MIDLINE: central diving line (there no necessary a symmetry)
37
Difference between TRUNK & TORSO.
38
Describe ANATOMICAL POSITION
Body is standing: head, feet & hands face forward. Arms are on the side.
39
What are DIRECTIONAL TERMS used for?
To explain precisely where one part of the body is in relation to another.
40
Whats the relation between the DIRECTIONAL TERMS & THE ANATOMICAL POSITION?
When using DIRECTIONAL TERMS, you must do it thinking about the ANATOMICAL POSITION.
41
Define ORGAN SYSTEMS
Organs that work together to perform a common function
42
Define ORGANS
Two or more tissues with a common function (ex. Blood vessel)
43
How many ORGAN SYSTEMS do we have? Mention them all.
12 Cardiovascular Digestive Endocrine Female reproductive Integumentary Lymphatic Male reproductive Muscular Nervous Respiratory Skeletal Urinary
44
Whats the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM’s function?
To pump/transport blood that contains OXYGEN, CARBON DIOXIDE, & NUTRIENTS.
45
What ORGANS form part of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM? How many?
2 Heart & blood vessels.
46
What’s the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ‘S function?
To break down food into absorbable units, which then enter the blood to be distribute to body cells.
47
What organs form part of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM? How many?
6 Oral cavity, esophagus, liver, stomach, small & large intestine.
48
Whats the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM ‘s function?
To secrete hormones, which regulate growth, reproduction & nutrient use.
49
What ORGANS form the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM?
7 Pineal, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovary/testis.
50
Whats the FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM’s function?
To produce female sex hormones, eggs & milk. Makes space for the development of the fetus.
51
What ORGANS form part of the FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM? How many?
5 Mammary glands, ovary, uterus, uterine tubes & vagina.
52
Whats the INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM’s function?
To form the external body covering (skin , hair & nails). Synthesizes vitamin D. Sensory receptors; receives & then sends signals to the nervous system about externals stimulates (touch, temp, pressure).
53
What ORGANS are part of the INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM? How many?
3 Hair, skin & nails
54
Whats the LYMPHATIC/IMMUNE SYSTEM’s function?
- Prevents swelling and edema by collecting leaked fluid from the blood and returns it back. - defense against pathogens; white cells.
55
What organs are part of the LYMPHATIC/IMMUNE SYSTEM? How many?
5 Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, red bone marrow, spleen, thoracic duct.
56
Whats the MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM’s function?
Produces male hormones and sperm.
57
What organs form part of the MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM?
5 Penis, testis, prostate gland, scrotum, ductus deferens
58
What’s the MUSCULAR SYSTEM’s function?
Facial expressions; maintains posture; produces heat; locomotion; manipulation of environment.
59
What organs are part of the MUSCULAR SYSTEM?
Skeletal muscles
60
Whats the NERVOUS SYSTEM’s function?
Respond to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands; Fast acting control systems.
61
What organs form part of the NERVOUS SYSTEM?
4 BRAIN; NERVES; SENSORY RECEPTORS; SPINAL CORD
62
What’s the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM’s function?
GAS EXCHANGE: Oxygen supply; removes carbon dioxide from the blood.
63
What organs are part of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?
6 NASAL CAVITY; PHARYNX; LARYNX; TRACHEA; BRONCHUS; LUNGS
64
Whats the URINARY SYSTEM’s function?
Eliminates nitrogenous through the urine; REGULATES BALANCE OF FLUIDS: WATER, ELECTROLYTE. BALANCE ACID-BASED; DETOX.
65
What organs are part of the URINARY SYSTEM?
4 URINARY BLADDER; URETER; URETHRA; KIDNEY
66
Which regional term does the HEAD belong to?
CEPHALIC
67
Which regional term does the ARMPIT belong to?
AXILLARY
68
Which regional term does the EAR belong to?
OTIC
69
Which regional term does the BREAST belong to?
MAMMARY
70
Which regional term does the BACK OF KNEE belong to?
POPLITEAL
71
Which regional term does the FOOT belong to?
PEDAL
72
Which regional term does the CHEEK belong to?
BUCCAL
73
Which regional term does the PELVIS REGION belong to?
PELVIC
74
Which regional term does the MOUTH belong to?
ORAL
75
Which regional term does the FOREARM belong to?
ANTEBRACHIAL
76
Which regional term does the CHEST belong to?
THORACIC
77
Which regional term does the NECK REGION belong to?
CERVICAL
78
Which regional term does the ARM belong to?
BRACHIAL
79
Which regional term does the FINGERS & TOES belong to?
DIGITAL
80
Which regional term does the ANTERIOR TRUNK REGION INFERIOR TO THE RIBS belong to?
ABDOMINAL
81
Which regional term does the ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE ELBOW belong to?
ANTECUBITAL
82
Which regional term does the NOSE belong to?
NASAL
83
Which regional term does the REGION BETWEEN ANUS & EXTERNAL GENITALIA belong to?
PERINEAL
84
Which regional term does the GROIN belong to?
INGUINAL
85
Which regional term does the GENITAL REGION belong to?
PUBIC
86
Which regional term does the HIP belong to?
COXAL
87
Which regional term does the POSTERIOR ASPECT OF HEAD OR BASE OF SKULL belong to?
OCCIPITAL
88
Which regional term does the NAVAL belong to?
UMBILICAL
89
Which regional term does the THIGH belong to?
FEMORAL
90
Which regional term does the BONY EYE SOCKET (ORBIT) belong to?
ORBITAL
91
Which regional term does the BUTTOCKS OR RUMP belong to?
GLUTEAL
92
Whats the SKELETAL SYSTEM’s function?
Protect and support body organs; framework for muscles; form blood cells; stores minerals.
93
What organs are part of the SKELETAL SYSTEM?
All bones and joints

Anatomy & Physiology I (5 decks)

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