Mini Symposium: Spine

Question 1

What is the pathophysiology of intervertebral disc degeneration?

Answer 1

X

Question 2

What are the common causes of lower back pain?

Answer 2

X

Question 3

What is the epidemiology and economic impact of lower back pain?

Answer 3

X

Question 4

What is the impact of lower back pain on quality of life?

Answer 4

X

Question 5

What are the rd flag symptoms of lower back pain?

Answer 5

X

Question 6

What is the pathology of intervertebral disc herniation?

Answer 6

X

Question 7

What are the clinical features of intervertebral disc herniation and nerve root impingement?

Answer 7

X

Question 8

How does cauda equina syndrome present and how is it managed?

Answer 8

Features: injury or precipitating event, location of symptoms (eg bilateral buttock and leg pain + varying dysaethesiae + weakness), bowel or bladder dysfunction, saddle anaesthesia, loss of anal tone and anal reflex

Management: MRI evaluation, operative surgery (discectomy)