Mini Quiz 3 Flashcards
What is the TR Process? APIE?
Assessment - determine a client’s strengths, limitations/barriers/needs
Planning - plans are made to meet the clients needs
Implementation - carrying out of the plan - Group, 1:1
-consider equipment, location, cost, #’s, leadership style and many others
Evaluation - evaluating the effectiveness of the plan
-were the client’s needs met?
-was there the expected/needed change?
-are there follow up plans to be made? revising? new plan?
extra D- Documentation
What is assessment?
- systematic gathering of targeted information
- used to make decisions or determinations about an individual
- develop an individual program plan IPP
What is the purpose of assessment?
to determine a client’s strengths, barriers, and needs
Selecting of information - how do we know what is relevant/important?
LA models guide our practice
I. functional abilities in all domains
II. leisure education
looking for readiness for treatment or participation in TR programs
a) do they have baseline functional abilities to participate
b) do they have leisure knowledge and skills to participate
c) do they need support from organized participation opportunities
What are the 4 sources of information for assessments?
- observation and inferences
- leisure interview - conversation
- 1:1
- leisure inventory
- asking family or friends where appropriate
- leisure interview questions - background information
- other team members
- medical records
- diagnosis
- employment
- age
- where they live
- cultural background
- religion
- education history
- friends
- family
- client/family - standardized tools
reliable: produces similar results within different implementers
valid: it measures what it is intended to measure
i) LDB - leisure diagnostic battery
ii) LAS - Leisure attitude scale
iii) CERT - comprehensive evaluation in recreation therapy scale
iv) leisure competency measure
Summary of Assessment data
- strengths/barriers/needs list
- informed decision - basing decisions on gathered data
Observations and inferences
observation - what you actually see or hear, observable facts
3 sources: verbal, non-verbal behaviour and environment
inference - your interpretation of the meaning behind the behaviour, perhaps fact
As a part of an assessment we need to do:
- a minimum of 3 observations (with inferences)
- 3 different days
- 3 different times of the day
- 3 different situations: 1 to 1 if possible, small group, large group
- each observation/inference should be at least 15 minutes in length
What do we do with the assessment of information? PROGRAM PLAN
- program plan
a) developing the plan of intervention
i) IPP - individual program plan
- utiliziing the strengths/barriers and needs list
2. translating needs into goals and objectives (SMART GOALS) 1. specific and strategic 2. measurable 3. attainable 4. results oriented 5. timebound
- developing the plan of attack
- choosing leisure activities to reach the individual client goals
- based on activity analysis matched with clients assessed needs
- activity adaptation/modifcation of adctivities (rules/equipment) or environment
- balance between skill and challenge
What do we do with the assessment information? IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation - putting the plan into action
a) 1-1, small groups, large groups
what are the best types of implementation skills to meet this need?
-technical skills - hard skills, job tasks
-facilitation skills - soft skills, interpersonal skills, leadership skills
What do we do with the assessment of information? EVALUATION
Evaluation - was the intervention effective?
i) progress notes - client evaluation written after interaction to track changes
ii) pre-post test scores if applicable, checklists
iii) GAS - Goal Attainment Scaling - evaluates against level of achievement - group or individual
iv) consultation with family or staff to note changes observed by others 1) is information from sources congruent? consistent?
v) determine if IPP goals and objectives were achieved, do we need to make them more attainable or more challenging or new goals? (purpose of evaluation)
TR Assessment - 4 types of data collection
- observation and inferences
- leisure interview - conversation
- 1:1
- leisure inventory
- asking family or friends where appropriate
- leisure interview questions - background information
- other team members
- medical records
- diagnosis
- employment
- age
- where they live
- cultural background
- religion
- education history
- friends
- family
- client/family - standardized tools
reliable: produces similar results within different implementers
valid: it measures what it is intended to measure
i) LDB - leisure diagnostic battery
ii) LAS - Leisure attitude scale
iii) CERT - comprehensive evaluation in recreation therapy scale
iv) leisure competency measure
What is an activity analysis?
it’s done during planning stage
- completed without regard for any particular client group
- analysis of the activity as it is typically performed
- evaluates the potential value of the activity - domains
used in TR to
- match client needs to the activity and intended outcomes
- used to identify where to modify or adapt, thereby increasing opportunities for participation by different clients
TR assessment - 4 types of data collection - name and describe them
1) observation/inference information
Observation is what you actually see or hear, observable facts
Inference is your interpretation of the meaning behind the behaviour, could be facts
The four rules are:
- 3 different days
- 3 different times
- 3 different types of activities/interactions
- 15 minutes minimum
Observation/inference; standardized tools; background information; leisure interview/conversation
Summarize our data into a strengths barriers and needs list S/B/N
Planning - individual program plan - IPP
1) write goals and objectives from the assessed needs - named in s/b/n list
2) utilize strengths - strengths based approach
3) utilize a model for structure
4) determine the activity - based on client interest and best match to client need
5) activity analysis - in reading on activity interventions
6) determine who is going to be involved with the implementation
