mini 2 Flashcards
antitussive
centrally acting
opiods - codeine
non opiods - dextromethorphan
peripheral - prenoxdiazine
expectorants
reflex acting- guaifenesin
thermopsis
directly - sodium bicarbonate
potassium iodide
ambroxol
acetylcysteine
bronchial asthma- Broncho dilators (M, A, M)
muscarinic antagonists - ipratropium
adrenergic agonists =
non selective - epinephrine ab
ephedrine ab
isoprenaline b123
selective B2 -
short - salbutamol, fenoterol
long - salmeterol, formoterol
methylxanthine - aminophylline
theophylline
anti-inflammatory- corticosteroids
inhaled - beclomethasone
budesonide
fluticasone
flunisolide
systemic - prednisolone
methylprednisolone
anti-inflammatory - ( leuko, mast cell, anti Ig E)
leukotriene pathway inhibitors-
zileuton
montelukast
zafirlukast
mastcell stabilizer-
cromogylicic acid
nedocromil
anti Ig E-
omalizumab
hypotensive - diuretics
thiazide-
indapamide, hydroclorothiazide
loop - furosemide, torsemide, ethacrynic acid
k+ sparing -
spironolactone
triamterene
hypotensive - Sympathoplegic Drugs
Centrally acting sympathoplegics: clonidine, methyldopa
Ganglionic blockers ; hexamethonium, Trimetaphan
Postganglionic sympathetic neuron blockers (sympatholytics); guanethidine, reserpine
Alpha adrenoreceptor blockers ; prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin
beta adrenoblockers;
(metoprolol, bisoprolol, nebivolol
alpha beta adrenoceptor blockers; labetalol, carvedilol
hypotensive- Direct Vasodilators
arteriolar vasodilators: diazoxide, hydralazine, fenoldopam, minoxidil
calcium channel blockers ; verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem, amlodipine
arteriolar-venous vasodilator; Sodium nitroprusside , nitroglycerin
hypotensive - Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors): captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists: losartan, irbesartan, eprosartan
Appetite stimulants (orexigenic drugs)
dronabinol, cyproheptadine, plant Artemisia absinthium (wormwood, absinth) Anamorelin antipsychotic drugs anabolic steroids insulin
Drugs used in obesity
Sibutramine
Lorcaserin
Amfepranone
Orlistat
Drugs for PED - reduce secretion of gastric acid
Proton pump inhibitors-
Omeprazole
Lansoprazole
Histamine h2 receptor antagonists-
Ranitidine
Famotidine
Drugs for PED - anti….. mucosal….. antimicro……
Antacids- magnesium hydroxide
Aluminum hydroxide
Sodium bicarbonate
Mucosal protective agents - bismuth subcitrate
Sucralfate
Antimicrobiol - Amoxicillin
Clarithromycin
Metronidazole
Bismuth subcitrate
Drugs for decreased function of pancrease
Replacement- pancreatin
Festal
Mezym
Preparations of insulin
Drugs for increased function of pancrease
Aprotinin Opiod analgesics - fentanyl, morphine, meperedine Antimuscarinic drugs Glucocorticoids Antibiotics IV infusion of fluid
Drugs stimulates bile production
Bile acids - allochol
Synthetic- hymecromone
Plant base drugs - curcuma , dog rose
Hepatoprotectors
Essentiale
Sylibinin
Ademetionine
Ursodeoxycholic acid
Stimulant laxatives
Bisacodyl
Plants containing
anthraglycosides - senna
Frangula
Castor oil
Osmotic laxatives
Saline laxatives- Mg sulfate Mg hydroxide Mg citrate Sodium phosphate
Lactulose
Bulk forming laxatives
Methyl cellulose
Psyllium seed
Laxatives -Stool softners, cl- channel activators, opioid antagonists
Ss- docusate sodium
Cl- lubiprostone
OA - methyl naltrexone
Alvimopan
Diarrhea
Opioid - loperamide
Absorbing drugs - kaolin, activated charcoal
Preparations of bismuth - bismuth sub salicylate
Bile acid binding resins - cholestyramine, colestipol
Somatostatin analogs - octreotide
Emetic drugs
Apomorphine
Ipecac syrup
Antiemetic drugs
Serotonin 5HT3 anatgonists - ondansetron, granisetron, tropisetron
Antimuscarinic - scopolamine
H1 antagonists- diphenhydramine, meclizine
Neurokinin antagonists - Aprepitant
Cannabinoids - dronabinol
Drugs for Brady arrhythmia
M cholinoblockers - atropine
B1 adrenergic agaonists - isoprenaline
Drugs for tachyarrhythmia
— -
Drugs for congestive heart failure - inhibition of neurohumoral influences
ACE inhibitors- captopril, enalapril, lisinopril
Angiotensin 2 anatagonists - losartan, valsartan
Aldosterone antagonists - spironolactone, eplerenone
B adrenergic agonists - metoprolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol, nebivolol
Drugs for congestive heart failure - decrease cardiac overload
Thiazide diuretics - hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide
Loop diuretics - furosemide, torasemide
K+ sparing diuretics- triamterene
Direct acting vasodilators - isosorbide dinitrate, hydralazine
Bradycardiac drugs - ivabradine
Drugs for congestive heart failure - increase cardiac contractility
Cardiac glycosides- digoxin
Non glycoside inotropic drugs ->
phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitors - milrinone
Ca2+ sensitizers - levosimendane
B adrenergic agonists - dopamine , dobutamine
Drugs for congestive heart failure - decrease motility in long term treatment
ACE inhibitors Angiotensin 2 antagonists Aldosterone antagonists B adrenergic antagonists Directly acting vasodilators Bradycardiac drugs - ivabradine
Antianginal drugs - relief anginal attacks
Nitrates - nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate , isosorbide dinitrate
NO donors - molsidomine
Prevention of angina attacks
Ca2+ blockers ->
Dihydropyridines - nifedipine, amlodipine
Non-dihydropyridines - verapamil, diltiazem
B Adrenergic blockers - metoprolol, bisoprolol, nebivolol
Other antianginal drugs - ivabradine, trimetazidine, ranolazine, nicorandil
Disturbances in cerebral circulation- ischemic strokes
Thrombolytic - tissue plasminogen activator
Streptokinase
Nootropic drugs - piracetam
Disturbances in cerebral circulation - hemorrhagic stroke
Anti hypertension
agents- sodium nitroprusside
Labetalol
Esmolol
Enalaprilat
Hydralazine
Ca channel blockers - Nimodipine
Nootropic drugs - piracetamDisturbances in cerebral circulation - cerebral atherosclerosis
Antiplatelet drugs - aspirin
Clopidogrel
Dipyridamol
Hypolipidemic drugs
Nootropic drugs
Vasodilators - vinpocetine
Flunarizine
Cinnarizine
Preparations of ginkgo biloba
Drugs used in disturbances in peripheral circulation
Hypolipidemic drugs
Antiplatelet drugs
Vasodilators - pentoxifylline
Cilostazol
Xanthinol nicotinateRelief of migraine attacks
Selective agonists of serotonin 5-HT 1B/D ->
Triptans - sumatriptan, naratriptans
Ergotamine
Prevention of migraine attack
B adrenergic agonists - propranolol
Ca2+ channel blockers- Flunarizine, cinnarizine
Tricyclic antidepressants- amitriptyline
Anticonvulsants - sodium valproate
Hypolipidemic drugs - nico……. , HMG………, fibric………, bile………, inhibitors of………..
+Nicotinic acid- niacin
+HMG-COA reductase inhibitors - atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin, fluvastatin
+ fibric acid derivatives- Gemfibrozil, fenofibrate
+ bile acid binding resins - cholestyramine, colestipol
+ inhibitors of cholesterol absorption - Ezetimibe
Diuretics- car…. , l……, thi……., k+…….. , os……, vaso………
+Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors- acetazolamide
+ loop - furosemide, torsemide, bumetanide, etacrynic acid
+thiazides and thiazide like - hydrochlorothiazide, chlorothiazide, chlorothalidone, indapamide
+ k+ sparing diuretics- spironolactone, eplerenone, triamterene, amiloride
+ osmotic diuretics- mannitol
Vasopressin receptor antagonists- conivaptan, tolvaptan
Tocomimetics - cause rhytmic contractions
Oxytocin
Preparations of prostaglandins - dinoprostone
Dinoprost
Misoprostol
Tocomimetics - cause tonic contactions
Ergotamine
Ergometrine
Tocolytics - inhibit contractions of myometrium
Selective B2 adrenergic agoinists - ritodrine
Hexoprenaline
Terbutaline
Fenoterol
Agonists of oxytocin- atosiban
Ca2+ blockers - nifedipine
Platelet aggregation inhibitors
Aspirin
Dipyridamole
Abciximab
Antagonists of purine p2y12 receptors - clopidogrel , prasugrel, ticagrelor
Anticoagulants - directly acting
Indirect thrombin inhibitors- heparin
Heparin derivatives- enoxaparin, dalteparin, nadroparin
Danaparoid
Synthetic heparin derivatives - fondaparinux
Direct thrombin inhibitors—>
Parenteral - bivalirudin
Argatroban
Orally - dabigatran
Direct factor XA inhibitors- rivaroxaban
Anticoagulants - indirect acting drugs
Warfarin
Thrombolytic drugs
1st gen - streptokinase
Urokinase
Anistreplase
2 gen - t-PA ( alteplase)
r-PA ( reteplase)
Hemostatic drugs
Fibrinolytic inhibitors- aminocaproic acid
Tranexamic acid
Proteolytic enzymes - aprotinin
Preparations of VIT K - phytomenadione
Menadione
Preparations of clotting factors - factor VIII
Factor IX
Anemia - iron deficiency
Iron sulfate
Iron dextron
Iron 3-hydroxide polymaltaose complex
Anemia - macrocytic
Cynoconalamin
Folic acid
Anemia - preparations of erythropoietin
Epoetin alpha
Darbepoetin
