Minerals

Question 1

Iron is absorbed..

Answer 1

very poorly

Question 2

men and postmenopausal women need ____ iron; premenopausal need ____

Answer 2

8mg

18mg

Question 3

People avoid iron supplementation b/c?

Answer 3

it can cause GI problems

Question 4

transferin and Hb contain

Answer 4

iron

Question 5

Most at risk for iron def

Answer 5

infants

Question 6

hemochromatosis

Answer 6

overload of iron, extra RBC

Question 7

PICA

Answer 7

appetite for ice, clay, paste; wtf?

Question 8

Iron def –>

Answer 8

anemia and PICA

Question 9

heme iron source

Answer 9

meat/poultry/fish; ONLY animal

Question 10

non-heme source

Answer 10

plant sources and animal

Question 11

Most common def worldwide

Answer 11

iron

Question 12

What kinds of food do you find Ca in?

Answer 12

dairy, fortified foods, some veggies

Question 13

The “macro” (major) minerals? The rest are micro/minor

Answer 13

Ca
Sa
K
Mg-Magnesium

Question 14

Mineral involved in bone & tooth formation, controlling hypertension, and nerve impulses

Answer 14

Ca

Question 15

Def of Ca leads to what

Answer 15

Osteomalacia/porosis, and hypertension

Question 16

Toxicity problems of Ca

Answer 16

causes kidney stones, high blood Ca, impaired absorption of Fe, Zn, Mg

Question 17

DRI for Ca (for 19-50yr olds)

Answer 17

1,000 mg/day

Question 18

___% of Ca is in bones while ___% is in the blood

Answer 18

99 and 1

Question 19

This mineral is a macro, found in dairy, and involved in bone formation, kidney stones, and osteoporosis, it is?

Answer 19

Ca

Question 20

The main macro mineral of processed foods

Answer 20

Na

Question 21

The macro minerals again, just for fun

Answer 21

Ca
Na
K
Mg

Question 22

involved in fluid balance, acid/base balance, muscle contraction, and nerve conduction

Answer 22

Na

Question 23

Two things that help blood clot

Answer 23

Ca and Vit K

Question 24

Recommended intake of Ca for age 1-3

Answer 24

like 500mg

Question 25

Most American's consume how many times over the recommended salt amt

Answer 25

4-5x

Question 26

Def in this will increase BP; also, this is a major intracellular cation

Answer 26

potassium

Question 27

Lots of this mineral is found in dark leafy greens, whole grains, nuts, and Legumes

Answer 27

Magnesium

Question 28

Def of this causes spasms b/c muscles cannot relax (a function of this mineral), it is also found in seafood (not solely)

Answer 28

Magnesium

Question 29

a toxicity problem with this mineral is hemochromatosis-define this and give the mineral

Answer 29

Causes excess RBC which will die, and this is caused by too much iron

Question 30

DRI of iron for males? Post-menopausal females? Pre-menopausal females?

Answer 30

8mg, 8mg, 18mg

Question 31

Eating meats and fish, as well as consuming vitamin C. increases the absorption of what mineral

Answer 31

Iron

Question 32

Where to get heme iron from? Non-heme? Which is better?

Answer 32

Heme from animals Non-heme from plants Heme is better so animal source is better

Question 33

Liver is a very good source of what mineral? Also found in seafood, milk, eggs, and whole grains, but so is a ton of shit

Answer 33

Zinc

Question 34

Primary function of this mineral is for taste perception and infertility

Answer 34

Zinc

Question 35

Def in this mineral causes dwarfism, impaired sexual, maturation and immunity

Answer 35

Zn

Question 36

Primary function of this is thyroid hormone production

Answer 36

Iodine

Question 37

Def in this causes goiter, cretinism, and sluggishness

Answer 37

Iodine

Question 38

Toxicity of Iodine causes

Answer 38

a large thyroid

Question 39

Flouride in bottled water?

Answer 39

Not much, like 5% or something?

Question 40

toxicity of Flouride

Answer 40

dental fluorosis, enamel pitting and staining, very difficult to remove

Question 41

Primary function of this is to activate Thyroid Hormone

Answer 41

Selenuium

Question 42

A minor mineral that is involved in carb and lipid metabolism, enhances activity of insulin, does not have def problems, from liver, brewer's yeast, nuts and cheese

Answer 42

Chromium

Question 43

Found in legumes, function as part of enzymes to help use iron, related to absorption and ENERGY

Answer 43

Copper

Question 44

Toxicity of this mineral could be severe and cause brain abnormalities, co-factor for many enzymes

Answer 44

Manganese