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Geology > Minerals > Flashcards

Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

What is a mineral?

A

A. It is a natural, solid, crystalline inorganic material.

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2
Q

What does crystalline mean?

A

A: the atoms that form the mineral are arranged in systematic way

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3
Q

What does inorganic mean?

A

A: inside the material there’s no carbon atoms attached to hydrogen atoms

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4
Q

How do minerals form?

A

A: they form at different temperatures, pressures and chemical conditions that that exist at different parts of the earth interior and exterior.

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5
Q

What are minerals made of?

A

A: minerals=molecules=Atoms=3 subatomic particles= Protons Neutrons and electrons

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6
Q

What is a normal atom’s composition?

A

A: N=P=e

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7
Q

What is the composition of an isotope?

A

A: N/=P=e

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8
Q

What is the composition of an ion?

A

A: N=P=/e

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9
Q

What is the mass and charge of a proton?

A

A: Mass=1 charge=+1

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10
Q

What is the mass and charge of an electron?

A

A: mass: 0 Charge: -1

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11
Q

What is the mass and charge of a neutron?

A

A: mass=1 charge=0

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12
Q

What is an atom?

A

A: the smallest unit a chemical element can be divided.

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13
Q

What is an electron?

A

A: a particle with a negative charge, and zero mass.

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14
Q

What is a proton?

A

A: a particle with a positive charge

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15
Q

What is a neutron?

A

A particle with 0 charge

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16
Q

What is an nucleus?

A

A: the body that holds neutrons and protons of an atom.

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17
Q

What is an isotope?

A

An atom with a P=/N

18
Q

What is an Atomic Number?

A

A: the numbers of protons in an atom.

19
Q

What is atomic mass?

A

A: the approx total mass of the number of P and N in an atom.

20
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

A: a bond between two atoms

21
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A: a bond between two atoms formed by sharing of one electron with an atom.

22
Q

What is an molecule?

A

A: a combination, or a compound formed by the bonding of two or more atoms.

23
Q

How do atoms form?

A

A: by combining of electrons, protons and neutrons.

24
Q

How do minerals form?

A

A: they form by attaching of atoms to on another

25
Q

How are minerals classified?

A

Silicates and non silicates

26
Q

What are Silicate Minerals?

A

A: minerals that have silicon and oxygen bonds

27
Q

How are silicates classified?

A

A: ferromagnesians and non-ferromagnesians

28
Q

What are ferromagnesians?

A

A minerals that have iron and Magnesium.

29
Q

What color are ferromagnesians?

A

A: dark in color. (Black, dark grey, green)

30
Q

What are non ferromagnesians?

A

A: mineral that contain no iron or magnesium

31
Q

What are the color of non-ferromagnesians

A

Light in color: colorless, white, pink, light grey

32
Q

What are non silicates?

A

A: minerals with no silicon and oxygen.

33
Q

What are the groups that classify non silicates?

A

A: carbonates, halides, sulfides, sulfates, oxides, hydroxides, phosphates and native elements

34
Q

What is the luster of a mineral?

A

A the appearance of the mineral.

35
Q

What is the color of minerals?

A

A: the color of minerals

36
Q

What is the streak of minerals?

A

A: the color of mineral powder

37
Q

What is the hardness of minerals?

A

A: the resistance to scratching

38
Q

What is cleavage of minerals?

A

The directions along which a mineral breaks easier.

39
Q

What is the form of a mineral?

A

A: the crystal form of the minerals

40
Q

What is the density of a mineral?

A

A: the density of the minerals

41
Q

What are the minerals of silicates and ferromagnesians?

A

A: Olivine, pyroxene amphibole, mica, forsterite, augite, hornblende, biotite, quartz, feldspar, mica, quartz, plagioclase, orthoclase and muscovite

42
Q

What are the minerals that are classified as non silicates?

A

A: oxides, carbonates, sulfates, sulfides, phosphates, halides, hydroxides, native elements, hematite, calcite, gypsum, pyrite, apatite, halite, goethite and gold

Geology (15 decks)

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