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Nutrition > Minerals > Flashcards

Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

Inorganic elements (rock)

A

Minerals

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2
Q

Body adjusts absorption to our needs

A

bioavalibility

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3
Q

From grains, bonds minerals

A

phytate

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4
Q

High blood pressure

A

Hypertension

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5
Q

This increases risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney disease

A

hypertension

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6
Q

Can cause hypertension

A

Obesity, high sodium intake, lack of exersize

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7
Q

How many have hypertension?

A

1/3 of people

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8
Q

Reduces risk of osteoporosis

A

Calcium, activity, protect from falls, avoid smoking and alcohol, healthy weight

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8
Q

Sodium Function

A

Fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission

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9
Q

Sodium Sources

A

Processed and convenience food, table salt

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10
Q

Sodium intake

A

<2300mg, <1500mg for elderly

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11
Q

Potassium Function

A

Muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, regulate blood pressure and heartrate

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12
Q

Sources

A

Bananna

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13
Q

Chloride functions

A

Fluid balance, hydrochloric acid,

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14
Q

Chloride sources

A

Table salt

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15
Q

Chloride deficiency

A

Excess vomitting

16
Q

Calcium Functions

A

Bone structure, muscle and metabolism, regulation of blood calcium levels, blood clotting, nerve impulse transmission

17
Q

Wolf’s law

A

bones adapt to what they need to bare

18
Q

Build bone cells

A

Osteoblasts

19
Q

Break bone cells

A

Osteoclasts

20
Q

What hormone is in charge of osteoblasts?

A

Calcitonin

21
Q

What hormone is in charge of osteoclasts?

A

Parathyroid hormone

22
Q

Calcium sources

A

Dairy, green vegetables, oxalate (binds calcium)

23
Q

Who gets osteoporosis

A

1/2 people, 80% are women

24
Q

Phosphorus Functions

A

Bone structure, component of ATP, DNA, RNA, and phospholipids

25
Q

Phosphorus Source

A

Milk, eggs, meat

26
Q

Too much phosphorus with too little calcium causes bone loss

A

Phosphorus balance

27
Q

Magnesium function

A

300 types of enzyme-driven reactions

28
Q

Magnesium sources

A

Grains, vegetables, legumes, tofu

29
Q

Sulfur function

A

Organic nutrients, vitamins/AA, protein shape

30
Q

Iron, Zinc, Selenium, Iodine, Copper, Manganese, Fluoride, Chromium, Molybdenum

A

Trace minerals

31
Q

Iron function

A

Oxygen transport, cofactor for enzymes, immune function, and brain function

32
Q

Heme Iron

A

Animal product

33
Q

Nonheme iron

A

plant product

34
Q

Helps iron absorption

35
Q

Inhibits iron absorption

A

Phytate, polyphenols

36
Q

Transports and stores iron

A

Transferriten

37
Q

Iron turnover and losses

A

Rapid growth and blood expansion, blood loss, digestive disorder

Nutrition (5 decks)

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