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School Work > Minerals > Flashcards

Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

What is a mineral?

A

Minerals are the naturally occurring, inorganic solid with crystalline structure and chemical formula

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2
Q

What is the Five type of a mineral

A

1:Natural’s characteristics
2:inorganic Nature
3:solid structure
4:orderly crystalline structure
5:chemical formula

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3
Q

What is a Rock?

A

A Rock is an aggregate of minerals, that naturally occurs as part of our planet.

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4
Q

What is an Aggregate

A

An Aggregate is a combination of minerals that persevere their individual characteristics

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5
Q

What is an Atom?

A

An Atom is the Smallest Particle matter.

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6
Q

What does Atoms contain of and are the meaning behind each one?

A

:Protons: dense particles with positive charge.
:Neutron:dense particles with neutral charge.
:Electrons:Negligible mass with negative charge.

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7
Q

What is Atomic Number?
What is an Element?
What is the Periodic Table?

A

Number of protons in the nucleus.
Elements are composed of atoms.
Is it a useful tool scientists use to know elements.

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8
Q

Why do Atom Bond?

A

Distinguish among ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and Metalic.

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9
Q

What is a Valence Electrons?

A

Play a key role in forming chemical bonds between atoms any transfer or sharing of electrons

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10
Q

What is the Valence shell?

A

An Atom’s outermost shell of electrons

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11
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

Describes the tendency of atoms to achieve stability by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons to attain a complete valence shell with 8 electrons.

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12
Q

What is chemical Bond?

A

The result of interactions of atoms that result in the formation of molecules or compounds.

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13
Q

What is Ions?

A

Positively and negatively charged particles.

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14
Q

Can an Atom become positive and Nagative Ion? And how?

A

Yes. Atom can become positive or negative ion by given up one or more Valence electrons becomes a positive ion.

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15
Q

What is the definition of Ionic Bonding?

A

One atom donates its electrons to another

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16
Q

What is the difference between an Atom and an Ion?

A

An atom does not have charge.
Ions does have charge.

17
Q

What is a covalent bonds?

A

Covalent bonding is when two atoms equally share valences electrons.

18
Q

What is a Metallic Bonds?

A

Metallic bonding is a several metal atoms contribute their valence electrons to a pool of electrons that are free to move through entire structures

Extra note: all become positive and negative fly around

19
Q

How do you identify a minerals?

A

Luster:Describes the quality of light reflected off a mineral surface.
Color:the use of color is often ambiguous and not really useful.
Streak:describe the color of a minerals in powered form.
Ability to transmit light:light can travel through a mineral causing it to be translucent or transparent.

20
Q

What is Opaque, Translucent and transparent?

A

Opaque: is when no light transmitted through a mineral sample.
Translucent: is when light but not and image is transmitted.
Transparent: is when both light and an image are visible through the mineral sample.

21
Q

What is use to describe a shape of Minerals?

A

Crystal shape and Habit

22
Q

What is the specific gravity of a mineral?

A

Describe the density of minerals.

23
Q

What is a mineral strength?

A

It is the how easily minerals break or deform is determined by the bonds.

24
Q

How is a mineral strength determined?

A

Hardness: ability to resist scratching
Cleavage: tendency to break along planes of weak bounding.
Fracture: random pattern of breakage.
Tenacity:resistance to cutting, breaking, bending and deformation.

25
Q

What distinguishes cleavage form fracture?

A

Cleavage:occur when a mineral breaks cleanly along a plane.
Fractures:occur when there is no distinct plane along which the mineral can break.

26
Q

How many elements are there form rock-forming mineral and what are the highest?

A

We have 8 elements compose of rock forming minerals and oxygen and silicon is the highest.

27
Q

What is a silicate minerals?

A

Most common minerals group

All share a fundamental building block.

28
Q

What is most abundant group silicate?

A

Feldspars:51% used of earth crust
QUARTZ:

29
Q

What is a light Minerals?

A

They generally light in color.
Less dense then dark silicate influences by the pressure or absence.

30
Q

What is a dark silicate?

A

Contains iron or magnesium irons.
Dark in color due to iron content.

31
Q

What is a non and renewable resource?

A

Renewable minerals resources can be replenished over short time spans.

Non-Renewable earth has a fixed quantit

32
Q

What is a mineral resource? And Ore deposit?

A

Minerals recourse are mineral that are available for extraction in the future

Ore deposit are naturally occurring concentration for metallic minerals that recurrently extractable

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