Minds first step Flashcards
who once said that man is a rational animal. Though many present-day philosophers refute this claim, there is a little grain of truth in such an assertion.
Aristotle
where conclusions must inevitably stem from premises
Deductive Reasoning
which involves likely conclusions drawn from premises
Inductive Reasoning
are often said to start from the general and end with the specific. In philosophy, to argue deductively is to provide successive premises which lead to a certain conclusion.
Deductive Arguments
if the conclusion logically follows from the premises, if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true.
Deductive arguments can be valid
the conclusion does not logically follow from the premises, even of the premises are true, the conclusion could still be false.
Deductive arguments can ba invalid
Are characterized more by their predictive power. That is, they don’t deal with certainties but with probabilities and likelihood.
Inductive Arguments
if the premises provide substantial support for the conclusion, making it probable that the conclusion is true.
An inductive argument is strong
if the premises provide insufficient support for the conclusion, making the conclusion weakly probable or questionable
An inductive argument is weak