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ABOS > Miller's Peds > Flashcards

Miller's Peds Flashcards

1
Q

86% of elbow ROM returns when after SCH CRPP

A

3 mos

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2
Q

what can happen if submuscular plate is not removed after healed in femur fracture ORIF

A

genu valgum

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3
Q

age when dens physis closes in kids

A

6 yo

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4
Q

Abx for Lyme

A

> 8 yo doxy

< 8 yo Amoxicillin

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5
Q

consider this bug if kid not responding to IV abx for diskitis

A

TB

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6
Q

treatment for chronic recurrent mulitfocal osteomyelitis

A

NSAIDs

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7
Q

most likely cause of osteomyelitis in kid with sickle cell

A

Staph a is #1

- but this is the group we can see salmonella

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8
Q

earliest XR finding for kid with discitis

A

loss of lumbar lordosis

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9
Q

procedure for stiff knee gait in CP kid

A

hamstring lengthening and rectus transfer

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10
Q

Surgical procedures for CP with equinovarus foot

A

Split PT to peroneals with overactive PT

Splint TA to cuboid with overactive TA

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11
Q

Myelodysplasia kid

- level that they can walk

A

L4

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12
Q

maternal finding assoc with sacral agenesis

A

diabetes

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13
Q

scoliosis degree when you want to fuse in Duchenes

A

> 20-25

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14
Q

Findings in Fascioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy

A

normal CK
scapular winging
can’t whistle

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15
Q

Foot deformity in Freidrich Ataxia

A

cavus

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16
Q

pathology of Freidrich ataxia

A

degeneration of spinocerebellar and posterior columns of spinal cord

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17
Q

GAA repeat

A

Friedrichs ataxia

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18
Q

Cause of death in Friedrichs Ataxia

A

cardiomyopathy

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19
Q

Dysphagia
excessive sweating
postural hypotension

A

Riley Day Syndrome

occurs in Ashkenazi Jews

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20
Q

Pathology of myasthenia gravis

A

Ab against Ach receptors

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21
Q

treatment options for myasthenia gravis

A

thymectomy
steroids
Ach-esterase inhibitors (pyridostigmine)
plasmapheresis (to remove the Ab)

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22
Q

newly developed unilateral external rotation in a kid

- what should you consider the cause

A

SCFE

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23
Q

Treatment for tarsal coalition

  • talocal
  • talonavic
A

talocal
< 50% -> resection + fat interposition
> 50% -> fusion
Calnavic
resection with fat interposition

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24
Q

overlapping 5th toe treatments

A

observation as this usually resolves

Tenotomy + dorsal capsulotomy if doesn’t and is bothersome

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25
Q

congenital curly toe treatment

A

observation or flexor tendon tenotomy if bothersome after a few years

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26
Q

PITX1 mutation assoc with

A

Clubfoot

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27
Q

Adam’s forwadr bend test measurement that warrants referral

A

7 degrees

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28
Q

AIS MRI indications

A 
Left Thoracic curve
pain
apical kyphosis
rapid curve progression
neurological signs 
congenital anomalies
29
Q

Risk factors for curve progression after maturity

A

Thoracic curve > 50
lumbar curve > 30
will progress 1-2 degrees/year

30
Q

Level that determines CTLSO vs TLSO

A

Apex T7 and higher -> CTLSO (Milwaukee)

Apex T8 and lower -> TLSO

31
Q

when to perform anterior AND posterior for AIS

A

< 10 yo

curve > 75 (he said maybe)

32
Q

Delayed infection (9-12 mos) in AIS s/p fusion

A

remove implant

ABX

33
Q

Alveoli continue to multiply until what age

A

8 yo

34
Q

spinal deformity with highest risk of neurological injury with progress

A

Congenital Kyphosis

35
Q

That with atlanto-axial instability

A

Downs
RA
Grisel’s

36
Q

how to treat pseudosubluxation of C spine in kid

A

NTD

37
Q

Most important risk factor for DDH

A

Breech

38
Q

If done, what is the purpose of femoral osteotomy for DDH during closed reduction

A

prevent AVN

treat sever anterversion

39
Q

When to leave DDH alone

A

bilateral over 6 yo

unilateral over 8yo

40
Q

Lateral pillar classification is not valid until what phase of the disease

A

end of fragmentation

41
Q

Defect in what gene leads to longitudinal femoral def

A

Sonic Hedge Hog gene

42
Q

Common knee finding with congenital short femur

A

absent ACL

43
Q

treatment for congenital patellar dislocation

A

lateral release + some type of realignmen

44
Q

Mucopolysaccharidoses have what type of dwarfism

A

proportionate

45
Q

What genes/molecule influences limb bud to form

A

Homeobox

Sonic Hedgehog

46
Q

When are primary centers of ossification present

A

all present at birth

47
Q

Abnormalities affectein the primary center of ossification

A

Long femorl def
Cleidopcranial dysplasi
Apert’s

48
Q

Congenital disease with high incidence of coxa vara

A

Cleidocranial dysplasia

49
Q

Dysplasia affecting the secondary ossification centers

A

MEd
SED congenita
SED tarda
Diastrophic dysplasia

50
Q

What disease do you think of if they show you hips with appearance of bilateral Perthes (they will be symmetric)

A

MED

51
Q

COL2A1 mutation

A

Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia

abnormal type II collagen casugin intracelluyliuar procollagen inclusions

52
Q

Major workup necessary for kid with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia

A

C spine films as they can have atlanto-axial instability (odontoid hypoplasia) which may require fusion

53
Q

portion of msk system not affected in MED

A

spine (which does occur in SED)

54
Q

cervical spine finding with diastrophic dysplasia

A

cervical kyphosis which may cause quadraplegia

55
Q

Area in growth plate with FGFR-3 mutation

A

prolierative zone

causes and QUANTITATIVE defect

56
Q

if asked a treatment for mucopolysaccharidosis

A

bone marrow transplant

57
Q

osteochondroma that occurs in the epiphysis

- cause?

A

Trevor’s Disease (Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica)

- defect in groove of ranvier

58
Q

area of physis leading to osteochondroma

A

groove of ranvier

59
Q

glycine substitution on procollagen

  • disease
  • ramification
A

OI

- this leads to abnormal cross linking

60
Q

Medication given to kid with OI

A

IV pamidronate

61
Q

Path of Scurvy

A

low Vit C -> prevents conversion of proline to hydroxyproline

62
Q

common treatment for osteopetrosis

A

bone marrow transplant

63
Q

When asked hemihypertrophy-> think ?

A

Neurofibromatosis

64
Q

When to fusion Downs C1/2

A

sx’s or ADI < 10mm

65
Q

Accessory calcaneal ossification

- other ortho condutions to check

A

Larsen’s

  • cervi al kyphosis
  • dislocated joints
66
Q

Shoulder motion most likely to be limited in Sprengles

A

shoulder abduction

67
Q

thumb present but no radius

A

thrombocytopenia absent radius

68
Q

abnormal ligament in Madelung’s

A

Vicker’s ligament - abnormal palmar ligament that tethers the lunate to the radius

69
Q

When do you fit a prosthesis in a kid

A

age 6 when they start sitting

ABOS (14 decks)

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