Everything 1

Question 1

What tendon inserts into the great toe sesamoids?

Answer 1

Flexor hallux brevis

Question 2

stimulates bone formation by reducing oxygen concentration and increasing local tissue pH

Answer 2

Direct Current

Question 3

stimulates bone formation by affecting synthesis of cAMP, collagen, and calcification of cartilage

Answer 3

Alternating Current

Question 4

stimulates bone formation by causing calcification of fibrocartilage

Answer 4

Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields

Question 5

The best lab value to determine VitD deficiency

Answer 5

25-Hydroxycholecalciferol

Question 6

described sunderland classification of nerve damage

Answer 6

1 - axonal block
2- all layers intact, wallerian degeneration
3- endoneurium disrupted
4- perineurium disrupted
5- epineurium dsirupted

Question 7

EMG findings for neurapraxia, axonotmesis, neurotmesis

Insertional , spontaneous, minimal activities

Answer 7

insertional:
- normal with neurapraxia and inreased with other 2
spontaneous
- silent with neuropraxia, fibrillations/positive sharp waves for other 2
- no minimal activity for any

Question 8

Z plasty types and assoc increases in length

Answer 8

60 degree-> 75% increase in length
45- 50%
30 - 25%

Question 9

How to address midfoot OA of the lateral column operatively

Answer 9

DO NOT FUSE

arthroplasty or interposition

Question 10

What sets up the navicular to AVN and stress fx?

Answer 10

relatively avascular centrally

Question 11

nonop option for refractory Achillese pain suspected to be from paratenon (no pathology noted on imaging)

Answer 11

Brisement procedure - injection of saline under the paratenon to help break up adhesions

Question 12

Advanced imaging discrepancy for OCD talus

Answer 12

MRI when plain films are normal but you suspect OCD

CT when you can see on plain films (allows accurate measurement of size and predictive value of drilling)

Question 13

RA pt’s do better with this vs a pantalar arthrodesis

Answer 13

better with BKA
Avoid pantalar arthrodesis at all costs
Often they will require TAA and triple arthrodesis

Question 14

Management for hemangioma in skin of infant

Answer 14

tell parents 70% regress by 7 yo and 90% by 9 yo

Question 15

Management for dorsal triquetrial avulsion fx
- what ligaments attached ?

What if they have persistent pain after immobilization

Answer 15

SAC 4-6wks

• dorsal intercarpal, dorsal radiocarpal
• lunotriquetrial ligament

May have disrupted one of the ligaments that attaches

Question 16

Time frames for

• when to get to pelvic fractures
• when to convert femoral exfix to IMN
• when to convert tibia exfix to IMN

Answer 16

traditionally wait 5-7 days to do pelvic fx’s but people are doing then sooner now
femur -> within 3 wks
tibia -> within 1-2 wks

Question 17

Definition of SIRS

• temp
• HR
• RR
• PaCO2
• WBC

Answer 17

temp > 38 or < 36
HR > 90
RR > 20
PaCO2 < 32
WBC > 12k or < 4k

Question 18

Graft options for the following gaps
< 5cm
> 10cm

Answer 18

< 5cm -> cancellous autograft +/- Masquelet
> 10cm -> bone transport
5-10 can do either

Question 19

Rate of movement for bone transport

Answer 19

1mm/day

Question 20

majority of compartment syndrome of the butt is from ?

- how to decompress?

Answer 20

vascular injury

KockerL approach

Question 21

View needed to view

• AIIS pin placement
• anterior column screw
• “down the wing” for ensuring pins of screws are in the table of the ilium

Answer 21

AIIS pin - OO out

Anterior column -

Question 22

Differences in blood supply of flexor tendons

- distal to MCP be proximal

Answer 22

Distal - in tendon sheeths. Main supply via synovial diffusion thru parietal parade in
- second and less is via vinculae

Proximal - no sheeths, direct blood supply

Question 23

Comanagement protocols for Hip fx’s in elderly have shown to

Answer 23

Improve mortality
Decrease LOS
Decrease complications
Decrease readmissions
Improve ambulatory status at time of discharge

HAVE NOTE shown-> improvement in surgical blood loss, time to surgery, inpatient mortality