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WOCS Exam 4 > Military History- WWII > Flashcards

Military History- WWII Flashcards

1
Q

Hitler was the Fuhrer of the ___ party

A

German National Socialist (Nazi)

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2
Q

Germany started WWII in ___, later joined by ___ in ___, then ___ in ___. Together they formed the major ___ nations.

A

1939, Italy, 1940, Japan, 1941, Axis

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3
Q

What is a Blitzkrieg? What country did the Germans first attack?

A

“Lighting attack”, Naval, air and ground forces concurrently attack. Poland

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4
Q

At the start of WWII, Japan invaded ___ and Italy invaded ___

A

China, Ethiopia

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5
Q

Hitler annexed ___ in 1938, followed by the ___ province of Czechoslovakia, costing Czech its fortifications and industry. Czech president, ___, eventually signed over Czech to Germany.

A

Austria, Sudetenland, Emil Hacha

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6
Q

Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact (WWII)

A

secret agreement between Germany and USSR. Red Army entered eastern Poland. Germany gets Western Poland.

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7
Q

Munich Pact (WWII)

A

England and France try to appease Germany to secure “Peace in Our Time”

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8
Q

Between 27 May and 4 Jun 1940, a total of 693 ships that brought back 338,000 British and French troops back to Britain. Heavy equipment was abandoned. DUNKIRK.

A

Operation Dynamo

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9
Q

Failed German amphibious and air attack on the British. Failed due to loss at Battle of Britain.

A

Operation Sea Lion

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10
Q

Designed to knock Italy out of WWII. Planted false papers on bodies in the ocean, open Mediterranean up for Allies to hit heart of Germany. AKA Mincemeat. Said they would feignt attacking Sicily but would really hit Greeze. They actually hit Sicily. Designed by Ian Flemming!

A

Operation Husky

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11
Q

The ___ Act of March 1941, under president ___, was a large amount of War material sent to the Soviet Union and Joseph Stalin (and other countries) to aid against Germany in WWII. Wasn’t technically against “neutrality”.

A

Lend-Lease, Franklin Roosevelt

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12
Q

In 1939, Hitler signed a ___ pact with the USSR. Germany was busy on other fronts and the USSR wanted to “buy time”

A

non-aggression

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13
Q

Beginning in June of 1941, 3 million German troops and German allies conquered most of the USSR. Forced civilian Soviets to defend USSR.

A

Operation Barbarosa

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14
Q

What were the unified forces of Nazi Germany called?

A

The Wehrmacht

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15
Q

German failed attack in this major city of the USSR. Many soldiers died of starvation or exposure. Hitler forbid surrender. Field Marshal von Paulus surrendered his 100,000 starving troops after they had been surrounded by Soviets. Huge defeat. Blitzkrieg doesn’t work in MOUT. Turning point of the War!

A

The Battle of Stalingrad, Military Operations in Urban Terrain

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16
Q

One of the largest tank engagements in world history. Pivotal battle that Soviets won but led to staggering losses on both sides. (German Operation Citadel) 250,000 dead in first 10 days. German tanks were superior but complicated and didn’t have many. Russian tanks were good and they had a TON of them.

A

The Battle of Kursk

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17
Q

June 6th, 1944. The largest seaborne invasion in history–60-mile front. 3 years of planning. Normandy. 5 beaches secured by the end of the day. 176,000 soldiers. Led by ___?

A

D-Day, FDR

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18
Q

What 5 beaches were invaded on D-Day?

A 
Omaha- US
Utah- US
Sword
Juno
Gold
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19
Q

Strong German defense along this 7,000 yard shoreline. Positioned 170 feet above. WWII

A

Omaha beach

20
Q

First wave landed 2,000 yards south of the planned beach but secured it nonetheless . WWII

A

Utah beach

21
Q

What was the nickname of the widely used Douglas C-47 of WWII? towed gliders and dropped paratroopers

A

Gooney Bird

22
Q

What was “Paris Liberated”

A

Allied forces led by French, liberated Paris on 25 Aug 1944

23
Q

Dec 1944- Jan 1945. Huge, final attempt by Germans to change tide of War. Tried to Reach sea (Antwerp) and trap Allied Armies. They failed. The “Victory in Europe” led by Russia, Britain and US, freed the US to direct War efforts to the Pacific Theater. Largest battle Americans fought in the War. AKA Battle of the Ardennes.

A

Battle of the Bulge

24
Q

Part of “Battle of the Bulge”, Germans met disaster in this battle due to poor terrain and Allied air superiority. 101st Airborne division led the defense.

A

Battle of Bastogne

25
Q

On April 16, 1945, ___ troops attempted to capture ___. German troops fought to the last man but defeat was inevitable. On the day before Hitler’s death, all German troops in ___ laid down their arms.

A

Soviet, Berlin, Italy

26
Q

___ wants to surrender to US, not Soviets. ___ ordered Germans to surrender on May 8th in French city of Reims (VE Day). Russians insisted a separate surrender take place in ___ on the 9th.

A

Donitz, Eisenhower, Berlin

27
Q

When was Pearl Harbor?

A

Dec 7th, 1941

28
Q

Describe the Battle at Midway.

A

US cracked Japanese code.
Planned attack on carriers while Japs were attacking Midway.
US started off very unsuccessful but eventually destroyed most of the Japanese fleet and aircraft while they were switching bombs to torpedoes. Sunk 4 carriers.
Hiryu carrier sunk USS Yorktown
Fleets never saw each other–only aircraft

29
Q

In Feb of 1945, US Marines landed on the small island of ___ and took control of an airstrip within range of Japan after 36 days of combat. (raising the flag)

A 
Iwo Jima (Japanese territory)
like Puerto Rico to US
30
Q

In April of 1945, ___ Americans landed on the island of ___ and defeated the Japs. Japan lost 110,000 soldiers and 105,000 civilians.

A

180,000..Okinawa (part of Japan)

like Hawaii.

31
Q

Because Japan was unwilling to surrender, President ___ ordered use of the Atomic bomb on ___ on Aug 6th 1945, and then again on ___ 3 days later. Dropped by a ___. Japan surrendered on ___

A 
Harry S Truman
Hiroshima
Nagasaki
B-29 SuperFortress
Aug 14th, 1945
32
Q

Major technological advancements implemented during WWII:

A
  • Airborne operations (82nd and 101st)
  • Submarines (mostly U boats for Germans)
  • Tanks- became centerpiece
  • Aircraft/bombers (First Jet fighters)
  • Atomic bomb
  • Rockets (V1-slow, V2-fast)
  • Colt .45 1911 (John Browning) replaced the 38 revolver (more powerful)
  • M-1 Garrand- Semi-Auto rifle
33
Q

What was the name of German airplanes? WWII

A

Stuka

34
Q

What was the French Defensive line called? WWII

A

French Maginot Line

35
Q

Prime Minister of England during WWII?

A

Winston Churchill

36
Q

Germany “Blitz” Great Britain and fail. Germans lose a ton of planes. British had radar which was crucial to success.

A

Battle of Britain

37
Q

How many people were killed in WWII?

A

70 million

38
Q

First US involvement in European theater. North Africa. French.

A

Operation Torch

39
Q

Other name for D-Day

A

Operation Overlord

40
Q

Allied forces led by French 2nd Armored Division. Ended Battle of France.

A

Paris Liberated

41
Q

The Allied Air forces bombed the city of ___, resulting in a fire storm that consumed center of the city. 1945. 25,000 civilians burned in one night. (before Geneva Convention)

A

Dresden

42
Q

Germans tried to blow up bridge at ___ at ___ but failed. Americans crossed.

A

Rhine, Remagen

43
Q

What was the pact of Germany, Italy and Japan called?

A

Tripartite Pact

44
Q

First set-back for Japan in Pacific. Almost sank Yorktown.

A

Battle at Coral Sea

45
Q

In 1942, 1st Marine Division landed on ___. Continued Island Hopping for 3 years.

A

Guadalcanal

46
Q

First American fighting in European theater WWII (North Africa)

A

Kasserine Pass

WOCS Exam 4 (11 decks)

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