MILGRIM:Suitatonal Variables Affecting Obedience Flashcards
Proximity
How far or close the person is the the authority figure
Location
Is there a change in obedience when you are in a diffrent location than Yale university
Power of uniform
Uniform gives a perception of legitimate authority is it a visual authority symbol
Milgrims og percentage for proximity location and power of uniform
65 percent
Power of uniform
What does it drop to in everyday clothing ?
In everyday clothes obedience drops to
20 percent
What was obedience in the run down office
48 percent
When experimenter gave Instruction to teacher on a telephone obedience dropped to
20.5 percent
Bickman New York
Participants were twice more likely to follow instructions of the confederate wearing a security guard uniform than The business man
What does autonmous mean
Have a status
Legitimacy of authority
More likely to obey such as police who have authority
Accept authority as uniform and also accept credentials
We obey because it is engramed into us since child hood
Lack of consent
Didnt consent to be arrested at there homes
Who were involved ?
40 American males aged 20-50
Why was it culture bias
Only American males
Why was it gender bias
Only males are used
A03-weakeness (females stereotypically more submissive)
Gender bias -therefore results can’t be generalised
Females are seen as more obedient generally regardless of situational variables
There gender roles do state that they are more submissive
A03-strengths (bickmen New York )
Had 3 Confeds dress as milkmen business men and security
They were told to ask by passers to pick up litter / pay for a parking ticket
People are 2 x more likely to follow orders of security guard
Therefore supporting power of uniform as a variable affecting obedience
A03-weakens (holocaust)
Mass killing of Jews was done in close proximity
Mandel states obedience increases due to the presence of uniform
It offers an excuse for evil behaviours
What does this conclude
Ordinary people are obedient to authority when asked to behave in an inhumane way
It’s not necessarily evil people who commit crimes but ordinary people just obeying orders
When teacher did order over the phone
Obedience was 65
When teacher and learner were in the same room what was obedience percentage ?
40 percent
When teacher forced hand on the electrical shock ?
Obedience Dropped to 30 percent
When experimenter left the room and gave the instructions to the teacher over the phone ?
Obedience dropped to 20.5 percent
When the experimenter was taken over by an ordinary member of the public who was not wearing uniform ?(Bickemn)
Obedience dropped to 20 percent
What does uniform act as
A strong visual authority symbol
Why are females more likely to obey ?
Because there gender roles dictate that they be more submissive
What did sheriden king find out
Females obeyed 100 percent of the time to shock puppies while men 54 percent
Weakens external validity
What was a weakness of Ao3 (authortarian personality)
Obedience could be due to internal factors such as the authoritarian personality ( obedience is due to internal characteristics)
When location changed from Yale university to a run down office what was reduced
The amount of legitimate authority was reduced
