MILGRAM [obedience] Flashcards
What did Milgram investigate?
The level of obedience when asked to carry out immoral acts by an authority figure
What were Milgram’s results?
100% obeyed up to 300 volts
65% continued to maximum 450 volts
What are the ethical issues of this experiment? MILGRAM
DECEPTION - they believed they were shocking real people
PROTECTION FROM HARM - 3 had seizures due to psychological harm
RIGHT TO WITHDRAW - the standardised prods discouraged withdrawal
What are some issues with the methodology? MILGRAM
ONLY MALES - can’t be generalised to females
Orne and Holland claimed that ppts worked out it was false & displayed demand characteristics
What results did the 6 variations find? MILGRAM
baseline - 65% run down office - 47.5% teacher & learner in same room - 40% teacher forces learners hand on plate - 30% orders by phone - 20.5% experimenter 'member of public' - 20%
How does Bickman’s study support Milgram’s results?
He conducted a field experiment with confederates in different uniforms giving orders on the street - people were more likely to obey the confederate in the security guard uniform than the one wearing a suit and tie
How does Miranda et al’s study support Milgram’s results?
They replicated the study in Spain with both genders and found conformity of 90%
How could cultural differences affect the results? MILGRAM
The study has only been replicated in Western, developed societies therefore conformity could be different in other cultures
