milestones, screening and vaccinations Flashcards
childhood health surveillance consits of (3)
- Childhood Screening
- Immunisations
- Delivering universal health promoting activities
- Early interventions to address needs
- More effective than identifying later
- Early interventions to address needs
screening in childhood
Previously for every child
- 6-8 weeks health check
- 8 months
- 2 years
- 3-4 years
Now much more targeted and opportunistic approach
- If suspected issues – checks may be more regular
- When child presents itself to health service (at whatever age) developmental assessment made
childhood screening consits of (5)
- Check milestones
- Check vaccination is up to date
- Deliver health promotion
-
e.g. healthy eating
- and health & safety!
-
e.g. healthy eating
- Target supervision & interventions to risk groups
dental role in childhood screening
- Often children (like adults) only see doctor when they are unwell but more likely to see dentist for routine check ups – opportunity to check these*
- Dental team can ask for support from paediatric team if concerns
school entry childhood screening
done by teacher with support
- Personal social & emotional development
- Physical development
- Communication skills
- Includes hearing and vision assessment – needs to be done regularly to ensure learning opportunities grasped (can provide simple aids e.g. glasses)
can there be variation in developmental milestones
yes
- Normal for variation in children – especially in earlier stages
- Variation in ability should level out within first years
Some cognitive, some development
Can take time for cognitive process behind actions to be learned
developmental milestones
1month
- Able to raise head from surface when lying on tummy
- Using trapezius and arms
- Less able if lying on back
- Pays attention to someone’s face in their direct line of vision
- Moves arms and legs in an energetic manner
- Likes to be held and rocked
developmental milestones
2months
- Smiles and coos
- Rolls part way to side when lying on back
- Grunts and sighs
developmental milestones
3months
- Eyes follow a moving object
- Able to hold head erect most of time
- Grasps objects when placed in their hand
- Often able to do immediately after birth but is lost and regained
- Babbles
developmental milestones
4months
- Holds a rattle for an extended period of time
- Laughs out loud
- Sits supported for short periods of time
- Recognizes bottle and familiar faces
developmental milestones
5months
- Reaches for and holds objects
- Stands firmly when held
- Stretches our arms to be picked up
- Likes to play peek-a-boo
- Learned permanence – will return when out of sight
developmental milestones
6months
- Turns over from back to stomach
- Turns toward sounds
- Often happen earlier
- Sits with a little support (1 hand bracing)
- Persistently reaches for objects out of their reach
- Listens to own voice
- Crows and squeals
- Reaches for and grasps objects and brings them to mouth
- Holds, sucks, bites cookie or cracker begins chewing
developmental milestones
7months
- Can transfer object from one hand to the other
- Can sit for a few minutes without support
- Pats and smiles at image in mirror
- Creeps (pulling body with arms and leg kicks)
- Is shy at first with strangers
- more cautious of people they do not know
- can recognize family group
developmental milestones
8months
- Can sit steadily for about 5 minutes
- Crawls on hands and knees
- Grasps things with thumb and first two fingers
- Likes to be near parent e.g. when put to bed
developmental milestones
9months
- Says Ma-ma or Da-da
- Responds to name
- Can stand for a short time – need supported
- Able to hit two objects together on their own
- Copies sounds
UK standard vaccination schedule
Be familiar with as part of child surveillance
- Can identify if completed or not
Non-compliance (unless medical reason raised) concern child is being put at risk by parent
