Migration definitions Flashcards
What is an Asylum seeker?
A person who seeks entry to another country by claiming to be a refugee.
Economic migrant
A person who moves from another country, region or place, involving a permanent or semi-permanent change of residence, to improve their standard of living or job opportunities.
Emigration
Out-migration of people from a country, which involves permanent change of residence.
Immigration
In-migration of people into a country, which involves a permanent change of residence.
Intervening-obstacles
Physical, economic, social and political factors which may disrupt or terminate a migration at any point between origin and destination.
Long-term migrant
A person who moves to a country other than his/her usual residence for a period of at least a year.
Migrant remittances
Money transferred from one country to other than his/her usual residence for a period of at least a year
Net migration
Difference between number of people moving permanently into an area and out of that area.
Pull factors
Positive attributes of a migrants’ place or destination which attract migrants.
Push factors
Positive attributes of migrants’ place or destination
Short-term migration
A person who moves to a country other than his/her usual residence for at least 3 months but no more than one year
Refugee
A person who moves outside the country of his/her nationality or usual domicile because of genuine fear of persecution or death.
Internal migration
Where people move within international boundaries
International migration
Movement between nation states
Origin
The country/place where a person has come from.
Destination
The country/place where a person is going to.
Stream migration
Migrants that share a common origin and destination
Counter stream
At a lower volume than the migration stream, where migrants are moving in the opposite direction, usually people dissatisfied with their destination and return home.
Chain migration
Once strong links between a rural and urban areas are established, this phenomenon occurs. After a small number of migrants from a rural community have led the way, others from the same rural community follow.
Relay migration
At different stages in a family’s life cycle different people take responsibility for migration in order to improve the financial position of the family.
Stepped migration
This is where the rural migrant initially heads for a familiar small town and then after a period of time moves on to a larger urban settlement. The migrant may take a number of steps up the urban hierarchy.
Voluntary migration
Where the migrant has a free choice about whether or not to move.
Forced migration
Where the migrant has little or no choice to move. This may be due to environmental or human factors.
Circular migration
The temporary and usually repetitive movement of a migrant worker between home and host areas, typically for the purpose of employment. It represents an established pattern of mobility, whether cross-country or rural-urban
Domicile
The country that a person treats as their permanent home, or lives in and has a substantial connection with.
Primitive migration
Where nomadic tribes and shifting cultivation is practised; this can lead to physical factors such as seasonal rainfall causing migration to happen
Impelled migration
This is when there is a perception of either human or physical threat causing (usually mass) migration to occur.
Suburbanised village
A village in the greenbelt that has stated to adopt the characteristics adopt the characteristics of a town
What is urban-urban migration?
Urban-urban is where migrants move from one urban area to another urban area. These movements are between SEPARATE urban areas.
What is intra-urban migration?
Intra-urban migration is the movement of people within urban settlements.
