Migration and Urbanisation + Business and Economics Flashcards
Migration
when people move from one place to settle in another
S.H.E.E.P.T factors and what they are used for
Social
Historical
Economic
Environmental
Political
Technological
These factors are used to determine why a person might leave their country
Social (S.H.E.E.P.T factors)
factors relating to the values of a particular society - attitudes, religion, language skills, working skills, ethnicity
Historical (S.H.E.E.P.T factors)
factors relating to events in the past which somehow affect the current situation in a country
Economic (S.H.E.E.P.T factors)
factors relating to creating and spending money - including income and industry monies
Environmental (S.H.E.E.P.T factors)
factors relating to the features of natural environment - including landforms, climate and vegetation
Political (S.H.E.E.P.T factors)
factors relating to governments and non-governments including laws, regulations, and policies - and effect
Technological (S.H.E.E.P.T factors)
factors relating to science, engineering and communication
What is emigrating?
When somebody leaves their country
What is immigrating?
When somebody arrives in a country after leaving their own
Permanent (Types of migration - Time)
migrants choose to move and remain in their new location indefinitely
Temporary (Types of migration - Time)
migrants may choose to move again or even return to their original location
Seasonal (Types of migration - Time)
migrants move for a specific period of time for employment or due to climatic reasons
International (Types of migration - Location)
migrants choose to move from one country to another
Internal (Types of migration - Location)
migrants choose to move from one place within a country to another place within the same country
Forced (Types of migration - Degree of choice)
migrants have no option but to move, due to conflict / war, natural disasters, etc.
Voluntary (Types of migration - Degree of choice)
migrants freely choose to move for reasons that benefit them
3 types of time related reasons for migrating
Permanent, Temporary and Seasonal
2 types of location related reasons for migrating
International and Internal
2 types of ‘degree of choice’ related reasons for migrating
Forced and Voluntary
Push factors definition
characteristics of a place that are negative and make people want to move away from it
Pull factors definition
characteristics of a place that are positive and attractive and encourage people to move there
What is a donor country?
Country of origin
What is a host country?
Destination country
Urbanisation
an increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas
Example of large and densely populated urban area
A city
Example of a smaller urban area
A town
Settlements
Are places where people live
They can be described as urban or rural
Rural Settlements
located in the countryside
Urban Settlements
a built-up area that has developed over time
Suburbs
an outlying district of a city, especially a residential one
Urban sprawl
involves the spreading out of a city, also known as suburbanisation
Urban renewal
when people try to improve and redevelop areas of the city/urban area
Gentrification
when a poor urban area is renewed allowing for some of the wealthy to move in, causing price changes/increase and less-wealthy people to be displaced into new areas
What do the S.E.E. impacts stand for?
Social
Economic
Environmental
Positives of living in urban areas
Are cultural
Better technology
More services
Better job opportunities
More access to medical services
More access to education
More access to transportation
Negatives of living in urban areas
Higher rates of crime
They are run by politicians and wealthy who use it to take from the poor
Crowding
Slum
An area of a city characterised by poor housing and poverty
Conurbation and the ones in Australia (4 of them)
When cities combine to form a continuous urban area eg. Perth and Mandura, Melbourne and Geelong, Newcastle and Sydney, Brisbane and Gold Coast
Why are logo’s useful for business?
Logos are useful as they show an image and a mark of the business. People can recognise this logo and then the business
Supply and Demand chart
It has price on the y-axis, and quantity on the x-axis. It may have a certain product’s price on the y-axis and then it’s competitors at reasonable prices next to it. Then a supply line and a demand line is drawn. (supply line going up and demand going down as if the supply high then the demand is low as there is more of that product. If the supply is low then the demand is higher as there is less of that product). The point where the two lines intersect is called the equilibrium point and is the best supply and demand for that product
Types of economic resources
Land (resources found in nature, rainfall, food on trees)
Labour (people employed by businesses and companies and people who working to create resources)
Capital (resources gained by a combination of labour and land resources eg electricity)
Enterprise (individuals who organise and combine other three resources to creak value and take risks)
Economic scarcity/basic economic problem
People have unlimited wants but only limited supplies
