Migration and sovereignty EQ 1.2 Flashcards
What are economic migrants
Migrants that move for work
Define diaspora of growth
When people migrate in order to re-join family members
Which act gave UK colonies the right to live and work in Britain
British Nationality Act
Why was the British Nationality Act put in place
Due to labour shortages and the need to rebuild economies
What is a voluntary migrant?
The individual or household has a free choice over whether to move or not
What is a forced migrant
Occurs when the individual or migrant has little or no choice but to move
What is an impelled migrant
May be due to environmental or political factors
What is counter- migration
When governments detain migrants who enter or attempt to enter their countries illegally and return the migrants to their home countries
How many economic theories are there for migration?
5
Name all 5 economic theories for migration
Neoclassical economic theory
Dual labour marker theory
World systems theory
Relative deprivation theory
New economic of labour migration
What is neoclassical economic theory
When wage differences push or pull people from low wage regions to high wage regions
What is dual labour market theory
Developed regions ‘pull’ migrants workers to fill low-skilled jobs as local people are unwilling to do this work
What is World Systems Theory
Trade between countries is favourable to one above the other, encouraging migration along these trade routes
What is relative deprivation theory
People feel they have less in comparison to someone else and therefore feel deprived. Successful migrants act as examples to the source community encouraging migration
What is New Economics of labour migration
family’s economic situation changes when remittances is sent back, costa nd benefits are spent equally
What is the basis of free movement of Labour
Workers are allowed to seek work in another country without requiring a visa
What is an example of a region with Free Movement of Labour
The European Union
State two advantages free movement of labour
Trickle down wealth from core region to peripheries
People have a choice over where to work and live
Highly skilled workers are in demand and command higher wages
State two disadvantages of free movement of labour
Increased job competition
Businesses lose profit when having to pay higher wages to skilled employees
Loss of talent - ‘brain drain’
Give an example of a place with barriers to freedom of movement
China Hukuo
What was one of the goals of China’s communist party in 1949
To create economic stability between the country’s large rural farming population and its growing urban areas
What was one problem china experienced
The large influx of rural workers to the cities looking for higher paying jobs
What does the humus system limit
The amount of rural-urban migration
How does the hukou system limit migration
If people from rural areas moved to the city they would receive no healthcare, education or social security
What are people from urban areas given?
Preferential treatment
How many people are living in rural areas and how much do they earn?
250 million people on less than 2$/day
