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Geography > Regeneration EQ3 > Flashcards

Regeneration EQ3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Name 4 different strategies you know to regenerate a place.

A

Infrastructure improvements e.g. transport
Introduce enterprise zones
Planning infrastructure e.g. buildings
Migration policies

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2
Q

Who are the key players involved in regeneration?

A

Local government
Local residents
TNCs
Local businesses
Environmental groups

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3
Q

At what scales can regeneration take place?

A

National
Regional
Local

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4
Q

Define reimaging

A

Making a place more attractive and desirable to invest in, live or visit

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5
Q

Define rebranding

A

The ‘marketing’ aspect of regeneration designed to attract businesses, residents and visitors

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6
Q

What is a flagship project?

A

Large scale, prestigious projects often using bold ‘signature architecture’ . The hope is to generate a positive spin in a place.

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7
Q

How can investment in infrastructure by the national government help to regenerate places?

A

It can help to improve connectivity of a place, for example by improving/introducing transport links

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8
Q

Why does our national government ‘secure private sector investment’?

A

The private sector is used to design, build, finance and/or maintain public sector assets in return for long-term payments or profit from the original revenue generated.

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9
Q

What was the aim of HS2 and phase 1&2 of the project?

A

HS2 was supposed to connect the north with the south
Phase 1 was connecting London to Birmingham
Phase 2 was connecting Birmingham to MCR and Leeds

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10
Q

How many minutes would HS2 save from Birmingham to London?

A

29 minutes

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11
Q

What are some cons of the HS2 project?

A

Clearance of 108 woodlands
Initial estimate of £37billion
When re-estimated it was £108 billion

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12
Q

What are some cons of the Heathrow expansion scheme?

A

Heathrow is already the UK’s busiest airport
Already has 2 runways
Would take 5-6 years to be constructed
Heathrow is the UK’s largest emitter of CO2

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13
Q

What are some pros of the Heathrow expansion scheme?

A

£61billion to local economy
77,000 local jobs by 2030
30% of UK’s export beyond EU happens through Heathrow airport
130 million passengers per year extra capacity

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14
Q

How are planning laws used as part of the regeneration process?

A

Planning is about deciding how land is used. Planners may regulate markets by using ‘planning gain’ whereby they allow development if there is a benefit for the local economy

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15
Q

What is ‘planning blight’?

A

Investors are unwilling to commit until a decision is made, house prices may fall and trap residents into not being able to afford to move.

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16
Q

Give 3 examples of planning changes by the national government

A

Repurposing of empty buildings
Planning laws for brownfield sites
Improving quality of social housing

17
Q

What is fracking and why has it caused conflict?

A

The process of obtaining gas from shale rock by hydraulic fracturing. It has caused conflict for local and national climate change activists as it emits/pollutes lots of gas into the atmosphere.

18
Q

What is the economic argument for increased immigration?

A

Increased GDP. Lower skilled people can fill skill shortages

19
Q

Why do younger adults and families help the UK

A

It has an ageing population

20
Q

What was the new energy strategy in 2022?

A

New nuclear power
New offshore wind
New licensed for gas/oil in the North sea

21
Q

What were we predicted to have to do in terms of fracking 2020?

A

Import more of our gas

22
Q

What is a green city?

A

A green city prioritizes the preservation of the natural world alongside the economic, social and physical health and wellness of the city’s inhabitants.

23
Q

What is Copenhagen doing with green infrastructure 4 factors?

A

Using district heating instead of individual boilers
Designated cycle lanes
Reduced CO2 by 40% since 2005
New tram lines in place

24
Q

What are four factors that show Cambridge business park’s development?

A

Many businesses are in biotech and technology
Fiber optics broadband systems in operation
Shower facilities and lit cycle tracks
Encouraged to car share, use trains and cycle there

25
Q

What is a local example of a ‘sympathetic business environment’

A

Kingsway business park

26
Q

What percentage of employees at Kingsway business park have level 4 qualification?

A

25%

27
Q

How many people live in the recruitment catchment area of Rochdale?

A

1.6million

28
Q

Chambers of Commerce definition.

A

These organisations represent business and industry in a local area, and persuade local and national governments to invest in infrastructure, education, skills and training

29
Q

Trade Union definition.

A

Their job is to represent workers in particular industries over issues like pay and conditions.

30
Q

LEP definition

A

A Local Enterprise Partnership is a locally owned partnership between local authorities and businesses. It plays a central role in deciding local economic priorities and undertaking activities to drive economic growth and create local jobs.

31
Q

What are 5 commonly used strategies for regeneration in rural areas?

A

Diversification of farming
Food specialisation
Outdoor pursuits
Literacy/cultural associations
Large garden/houses

32
Q

What challenges do Cornwall face?

A

Airport is quiet and underused in Winter
Lacks a year round economy
‘Old’ economy consisted of primary sector jobs
Biggest industry = tourism
It’s a remote area

33
Q

What is Cornwall doing in terms of rebranding?

A

Outdoor pursuits e.g. surfing
Farm diversification e.g. the Cornish pastie
‘foodie’ restaurants e.g. Jamie Oliver

34
Q

How do LEZ attract businesses to Cornwall?

A

Council business tax discounts of up to 100%
Planning free environment (no permission needed)
Provision of superfast broadband

35
Q

Name four regeneration strategies and examples for urban locations.

A

Large sporting events e.g. Commonwealth games
Arts, Museums, culture, music e.g. Makintosh school of art
Parks and public green spaces e.g. over 90 green spaces in glasgow
Shopping and commercial developments

36
Q

What two major functional changes has Glagow experienced?

A

De industrialisation
Closure of primary industry

37
Q

What is the need for regeneration in Glasgow?

A

17% of the city were unemployed -1981
5.3% unemployed 2021

38
Q

Strategies used for regeneration in Glasgow?

A

23,000 jobs in financial service sector
Held commonwealth games successfully
European city of culture

Geography (6 decks)

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