migration and biodiversity Flashcards
migration
seasonal mass movement
can be long distance or short distance
involves switching of habotatas
who migrates
animals from all major taxa; i
Daily migration
fish go to the bottom during the day and come up to feed in the night
jellyfish swim to the surface during to get sunlight for the symbiotic
migration in amphibians
migrate to aquatic breeding grounds or egg laying sites
why migrate
seasonal changes in local environments
preparing for migration
loads of energy.
wht is hyperphagia
excessive appetite, fate is stored for the long migration.
save ennergy by taking advantage of the wind currents
how birds navigate
stars and sun
magnetic fields
topography
longest migration in an animal
actic tem
migration in fish
Live in fresh water may go to spawn in the ocean
Salmon
spawn in fresh water
How salmon find their ways back to parent streams
Olfactoy senses
Navigate by sun to find the right spot on the coast to spawn
osmotic regulation in freshwater fish
hyperosmotic regulators
Osmotic regulation in marine fish
hyposmootic regulators
What are eurihaline species
species that can survive in a range of salinities
monarch butterflies
roost in fir trees and wait out the winter
takes 3-4generations to reach canada, breed along the way
migration in mammals
Humpback whale. They send the summer eating in the arctic to store energy in bludder
Why is migration more difficlt for terrestrial mammals
terrestrial locomotion is energy costing
Biodiversity
Number of species in an ecosystem
3 levels of biodiversity
genetic
species
ecological
what places in the worls have biodiversity
tropical rain forest
coral reefs
Endemic species
Distribution is limites to small areas
marine islands have alot of endemic species
types of extinction
Background extintion
mass extinction
anthropogenic extinction
Threats to biodiversity
habitat loss and fragmentation
invasve species
overexploitation
other
exotic species
any species that is non native to the ecosystem
effects of invasive species
cause diseas act as preditots or parasites act as competition alter habitat hybridize with local species
why hybridization with invasive species is bad
if new species is more successful it may dilute gene to the point that there are no purely native individuals
