Migration

Question 1

Define immigration, emigration and net migration

Answer 1

I - movement out of society
E - Movement out
NM - difference between numbers of immigrants and emigrants

Question 2

Describe immigration

Answer 2

From 1900 to WW2 - largest was Irish for economic reasons, followed by eastern and central European jews often refugees and people from Canada and USA
1950s - black immigrants from Caribbean, 1960/70 South Asian from india, Pakistan and Bangladesh, East African Asians from Kenya
Leads to ethnically diverse socoiety

Question 3

Describe emigration

Answer 3

UK almost always a net exporter of people more emigrated than to come to UK ie going USA and Canada

Question 4

What are the reasons for emigration

Answer 4

Push factors - economic recession and unemployment

Pull factors - higher wages and better opportunties

Question 5

What was the impact on popultion

Answer 5

Increasing -
High with more immigrants than emigrants, 47% immigrants were non EU citizens, 38% EU and 14% British
Births exceeding , birth to non UK mothers higher (25%) - remain below replacement level

Question 6

What was the impact on age structure

Answer 6

Immigration lowers the average age of population
Directly - younger, 2011 - average age of UK passport holders was 41, non UK was 31
Indirectly - more fertile

Question 7

What was the impact on dependency ratoi

Answer 7

Immigrants more likely to be working age and lowers DR, older migrants return to origin
They have more children
Longer a group is settled the close their fertility rate comes to the national average