migration 1900-2010 Flashcards
when was the aliens act
1905
when was world war one
1914-1918
when was the alien registration & British nationality act
1914
what was the alien registration & British nationality act
‘aliens’ had to register at a police station and show good knowledge of english
when was the internment of ‘enemy aliens’
1915
when were the race riots in port cities
1919
when was the coloured seamen order
1925
what was the coloured seamen order
forced them to register with the police - ‘colour bar’
when was the battle of cable street
1936
when was kindertransport
1938
when was world war 2
1939-1945
when did 45,000 Bengali lascars strike
1939
when was the internment of ‘enemy aliens’
1940
when was the polish resettlement act
1947
when was the British nationality act
1948
what was the 1948 nationality act
allowed people from the commonwealth dominions to migrate to Britain
when was windrush
1948
when was notting hill riots
1958
when was Kelso Cochrane murder
1959
when was the commonwealth immigrants act
1962
what was the commonwealth immigrants act
people who had commonwealth passports were no longer allowed to settle in the UK - but were given limited vouchers for employment
when was the Bristol bus boycott
1963
when was the race relations act
1965
when was the enoch Powell speech
1968
when was the race relations act -2
1968
when was the asylum and immigration appeals act
1993
when was the asylum and immigration act
1996
when was the immigration and asylum act
1999
what did the asylum and immigration appeals act 1993 do
made a definition of who could be a refugee - narrow
what did the asylum and immigration act 1996 do
became a criminal offence to hire migrant employees without work permit
what did the immigration and asylum act 1999 do
replaced welfare benefit asylum seekers with vouchers to buy food and essentials
when was the nationality ,immigration and asylum act
2002
what did the nationality, immigration and asylum act of 2002 do
all those wanting a ‘leave to remain’ had to pass the LIFE IN THE UK test
who came and why - First World War
settled population of several thousand africans, asians and West Indians through merchant shipping
what were their experiences - first world war
after 1905 aliens act, low immigration but rise of racism against migrants
- new laws restricted the poor
-anti -German attack
- violent attacks despite migrants fighting for UK in WW1
how did England’s relationship with the wider world affect immigration - WW1
British empire was at its peak - so were racist ideas
after 1905 there were low levels of migration
what was their impact - WW1
crucial role in WW1 and by lascars in convoys
- tensions erupted but multicultural resistance did show in 1919
who came and why - refugees from nazism
during the GD that followed the WSC 1929 - few came to seek work in Britain.
- chucked refugees from Spanish civil war
-jewish refugees from Germany and austria
- poles , Czech, and French escaped nazism
what were their experiences - refugees from nazism
tighter controls on coloured seamen
- colour bar
- British union of fascists , black shirts
- refugees were received with warmth
how did England’s relationship with the wider world affect immigration
dominion over regions such as Canada, Australia and New Zealand
what were their impacts- refugees from nazism
several of jewish refugees achieved success -
lascars were important
- league of coloured people
who came and why - post war commonwealth
British gov. invited ppl to come and work in essential services.
- conditions were bad in new commonwealth countries and wanted a better life in Britain
- British nationalist act 1948 said all citizens of commonwealth were entitles
what were their experiences. - post war commonwealth
many planned to come temporarily t earn
-1962 commonwealth immigrants act limited the number that could come.
- many decided to settle
- rise in tension and groups such as national front
how did England’s relationship with the wider world affect immigration
outcome of WW2 and decline of Empire meant mass migration from colonies
what was their impact - post war commonwealth
immigrants helped rebuild Britain after ww2
- helped keep the health and transport systems going
- played a part in the 1950s boom
why was their shortage of labourers after ww2
- men being killed in conflict
- large areas bombed
- British railway etc needed staff (new creations)
what happened in the Kelso Cochrane murder
man of Antigua - Kelso
- walking home from hospital when attacked by a `white gang
what did the 1965 race relations act do
made some forms of racial discrimination illegal
what did the 1968 race relations act do
was stronger than 1965 and extended to employment and housing
what did the 1976 race relations act do
racial equality commission for better relations between ethnic groups
why did people come in 2000’s
migrants workers from eu came to find employment
what were the 2000’s migrants experiences
highly skilled migrants were welcomed
- increase in migration and immigration
how did England’s relationship with the wider world affect immigration
uk’s membership in the EU allowed people from member countries could come and settle in the UK
- increased refugees and migrants
what were their impacts -2000;s
migrant workers travelled basc every part for jobs
-immigrants were no longer concentrated on big cities
reactions to a lot of people coming into the UK DURING THE 2000
anti - immigration ppl again felt threatened because migrants kept taking their jobs
- undercutting their wages
- putting pressure on schools and hospitals
