IR 1918-1939 Flashcards
Three of the 14 points Woodrow Wilson wanted
no secret treaties, league of nations, and disarmament
When was the Paris peace conference
1919-1920
who were in the big three after ww1
Clemenceau, David Lloyd George, Woodrow Wilson
Why was David Lloyd pissed about all countries having access to the sea
according to the 14 points
because it would be a threat to Britains empire
Why did clemenceau and Wilson argue
Wilson wanted to punish Germany but not too harshly whereas France wanted germans to suffer for their pain. France and Germany also share a border so they don’t want any possible threats of another German invasion
What is GARGL, treaty of versailles
Guilt- German accepted blame
Army- limited to 100,000 men no tanks
Reparation- 6.6£ billion
Germany lost land- no Anschluss
league- League of Nations were to be set up`
what happened to Rhineland
became a demilitarised zone
how did the germans react to the treaties
many germans believed that they agreed to ARMISTICE not been defeated
- believed all countries should share the blame
- disarmament terms seemed unfair cause no one else deceased their armies
- reparation bulls were outrageous- caused he Great Depression
- not being asked to be apart of the league of nations
how did the French react to the treaty of versailles
they were upset it was not harsh enough
how did the British react to the Treaty of Versailles
thought it was too harsh, would only breed hatred giving another reason for future conflict
What is collective security
countries in the league of nations promise to protect one another if attacked
What happens to a country who went to war illegally
economic sanctions - stopping trade
at last resort - military action
What did the refugee committee made by LON do
helped 400,000 people who had been displaced cause of war
when was the Aaland dispute
1921
What was the Aaland dispute
Sweden and Finland arguing over Aaland and ready to go to war, but Sweden backed down and accepted the leagues ruling of Aaland going to Finland
When was the upper Silesian settlement
1921
When was the corfu crisis
1923
What happened in corfu 1923
Greece and Albania arguing over a border. Italian general was told to guard it, Mussolini got pissed and accused the greeks of killing them and forcefully took the land corfu.
how did the LON react to corfu
they let Mussolini get away because France and Britain couldn’t agree, Britain wanted to go against Italy but the French couldn’t cause they were already occupied
What were the international agreements in 1920’s
rapallo treaty - 1922
Dawes plan - 1924
Locarno treaties - 1925
Kellogg- brand pact -1928
young plan - 1929
What was the Dawes plan
to avert an economic crisis is Germany use lent some money, the loan was later asked to pay bak suddenly after use had gone into depression
what was the young plan
to reduce the total amount of German reparations
when was the Wall Street crash
1929
what is protectionism during the economic crisis
when some countries tried to protect their own industries by introducing tariffs
what was rearmament during the economic crisis
thought of it as the process off rearmament as a way of boosting industry and jobs
when did Adolf hitler come to power
1933
what were hitlers radical solutions to germanys economic problems
- massive rearmament programme
road building - getting rid of TOV and ending reparation payments
reclaim lost land
lebensraum - living space
destroy communism
What does Mussolini do during the depression
Mussolini rebuilds the Italian empire and alliance
what does the ussr do during the depression
Stalin takes control of the USSR in 1929 - threatened by Germany and Italy
What happens in 1930 to Japan
Japan effectively becomes a military dictatorship
steps of failure of the LON towards Manchuria
- 1931 Japan invades Manchuria
-china appeals to LON
-LON took cautious approach since Japan was a powerful member - took a year to report the wrongs of Japan
- Japan resigns from LON
- discussed economic sanctions and banning weapons but feared retaliation
- league approved itself powerless
Mussolini and Hitler watched and taking in that the LON don’t do anything
steps of failure of the Lon towards Abyssinia
- 1935 Italy invades Abyssinia - all had colonies in N.AFR.
- Britain and France wanted a good relationship w Mussolini bc possible ally against Hitler
- sends out a Stresa Pact
- Mussolini rejects the proposal
- Leagues delay but eventually sanctions Italy
Hoare-Level Pact - give in to Mussolini got leaked to the press, British and french citizens viewed it as treachery - Italy took full control in 1936
When did Mussolini and hitler sign the Rome-Berlin Axis
1936
When did hitler withdraw German from the LON
1933
When did hitler begin rearmament
1933-35
When did the Saar region vote to be apart of Germany again
1935
When was the remilitarisation of Rhineland
1936
what was the British views to hitlers actions
- lack of belief in Britain - Britain did NOT want war
- USA had isolated itself
- more concerned with THE USSR and Stalin
- he had the right to re-arm
When did neville chamberlain become British prime minister
1937
What is Anschluss
uniting basically
when did Germany and Austria unite - have Anschluss
1938
when was the Sudetenland and Munich agreement
1938
What did hitler say to chamberlain about czechslovakia
he lied saying hell take back his land Sudetenland because most are German speaking who got separated when Germany lost its land in the treaty of versialles, but hitler invades all of Czechoslovakia
When was the crisis talk in Munich
1938
when did hitler invade all of Czechoslovakia
1939
who was hitlers target after czechoslovakia
poland
What did Stalin do when he realises hitler wanted Poland
USSR joined the LON in 1934 and agreed to Mutual Assisstance Pact with France 1936
when did Stalin sign the nazi soviet pact
1939
When did hitler invade poland
1st September 1939
