Migration Flashcards
why was emigration to the USA and Canada increased ?
shorter travelling times
what times did the Scottish population fell ?
1921 -1931
where had the highest rate of emigration of any country in europe between 1921 - 1931 ?
Scotland
what did the Canadian government do to encourage Scottish emigration to Canada ?
employed 2 full time agents in Scotland
how much did scotland’s population decrease by from 1921 to 1931
39418
did any emigrants return to scotland
roughly 1/3 of emigrants returned to scotland
what did the salvation army do to help people emigrate ?
helped single women, unemployed men and young people to emigrate.
what did emigration offer Scots
emigration offered many Scots an escape from poverty and unemployment.
what act paid subsidies to emigrants that agreed to work the land for a period of time ?
the Empire Settlement Act 1922
what does migration mean
movement of people from one place to another with the intentions of settling (temporary or long term)
how much did the Highlands and Islands population fall by
16,000
what was another reason many Scots went to canada
it was seen as an easy entrance to the USA (illegally)
what was internal migration
moving into towns or cities in your own country.
what were some pull factors for internal migration for Scots
- better opportunities
- England offered better wages and opportunities for professions and trade work.
what were some push factors for internal migration of Scots
- countryside living was low paying, long hours, limited holidays and limited socialising.
- country living lacked cinemas, sport, pubs and football that young people liked.
how did the improvement of transport affect emigration
a 6 week trip on a steamship was reduced to a week trip by 1914
how did the development of railways make emigration easier
it was easier to get from Glasgow to Canada and the USA directly by train.
why were Canada, New Zealand and USA popular places to emigrate from scotland
availability of land and opportunity to earn money
what was one financial benefit of moving abroad
higher wages overseas
what did individual land owners do to encourage emigration
gave financial help
where else gave financial help for emigration
The charity, Highland and Island Emigration Society and the Colonial Office by the government.
what was a social pull factor for Scots
the support network of Scots that were already overseas
why were scots welcomed
they brought skill and money to help further develop the Empire
what countries were part of the british empire
India, Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Africa
how much money had the government spent by the time of the 1922 Settlement Act
£3 million per year
