MIDTERMS_LEC 2 Flashcards
An organizational component of DOH charged
with preventing disease, disability, and death from
vaccine-preventable in disease in children and adults.
NIP (National Immunization Program)
EIP
Enhanced Program for Immunization
Launch - 1976
EPI Principles
The whole community rather than just the
individual is to be protected, this mass
approach is utilized.
- Immunization is a basic health service and
integrated into the health services being
provided for by the RHU.
Overall Goal of EPI:
To reduce ____ and ____ among children against the most common _______ Disease
To reduce morbidity and mortality among children against the most common Vaccine-Preventable Disease
Specific Goals of EPI
- Poliomyelitis
- Measles
- Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus
- Diphtheria
- Hepatitis B
- Pneumonia
- German Measles
Importance of Immunization
- Induce immunity
- Promote health
- Protect from diseases
Strategies of EPI
- Conduct of Routine Immunization for
Infant/Children/Women through the Reaching
Every Barangay (REB) Strategy - Supplemental Immunization Activity (SIA)
- Strengthening Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Surveillance - Procurement of adequate and potent
vaccines and needles and syringes to all
health facilities nationwide.
Elements of EPI
- Target Setting
- Cold Chain Logistic Management
- Open Vial Policy
- Information, Education and Communication
- Supervision and Monitoring
- Assessment and evaluation of the program’s
overall performance - Surveillance, studies and research
Elements of EPI
1. Target Setting – target age groups are:
- Infants
- Children below 5 years old
- Women
Basic immunization for children under 5
including other types that will be determined
by the Secretary of Health.
R.A. No. 10152 – Mandatory Infants and Children
Health Immunization Act of 2011
Elements of EPI
2. Cold Chain Logistic Management
- All vaccine refrigerators or freezers shall be
used exclusively for EPI vaccines. - Vaccines are stored according to the
temperature requirement for each antigen - Regular temperature monitoring
- Contingency plan for emergency measures
Types of Refrigerators and Freezers
At RITM and Regions –
- Walk-in Cooler
- Walk-in Freezer
- Iced-Line
Types of Refrigerators and Freezers
At the Province and City Health Vaccine Rooms –
- Transport Boxes
- Ice-Lined Refrigerators (ILR) 300L
- Deep Freezers (DF) 300L
- Vaccine Boxes
Guidelines of Cold Chain Management:
● All vaccine refrigerator or freezers shall be
used ______ for _____ vaccines
● Vaccines are stored according to the
_____ requirement for each ______
● Regular temperature _____
● _____ plan for emergency measures
● All vaccine refrigerator or freezers shall be
used exclusively for EPI vaccines
● Vaccines are stored according to the
temperature requirement for each antigen
● Regular temperature monitoring
● Contingency plan for emergency measures
Vaccines that are Most Sensitive to Heat
What temperature?
OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine)
Anti-Measles Vaccine
MMR vaccine
–15°C to –25°C
Vaccines that are Least Sensitive To heat
What temperature?
- Pentavalent
- BCG
- pneumococcal conjugate vaccine-13
(PCV-13) - Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine (TT)
- IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine)
- Rotavirus & HPV (Human papillomavirus vaccines)
2°C to 8°C
Multi-dose liquid vaccines such as ____, ____, ____, and
____ - may be used in the next immunization
sessions for up to maximum of ___ weeks
Multi-dose liquid vaccines (OPV, DPT, TT, and
Hepatitis B) - may be used in the next immunization
sessions for up to maximum of 4 weeks
Freeze-dried vaccines, such as ____ and ____ vaccines should be discarded ___ hours after reconstitution or at the end of the immunization session.
Freeze-dried vaccines, such as AMV and BCG vaccines should be discarded 6 hours after reconstitution or at the end of the immunization session.
Compulsory basic immunization for infants and children below 8 y/o
Presidential Decree No. 996 📍
Implementing a United Nations goal on Universal Child Immunization by 1990
Presidential Proclamation No. 9
Reaffirming the commitment of the Philippines to the Universal Child and Mother Immunization goal of the World Health Assembly
Presidential Proclamation No. 46
Compulsory immunization against Hepa B for
infants and children below 8 y/o
Republic Act 7846
Policies of the Nationwide Implementation of
the EPI
DOH Administrative Order No. 39 s. 2003
Implementing guidelines on Hepatitis B
immunization for infants
DOH Administrative Order No. 2006 – 0015
Providing for mandatory basic immunization
services for infants and children up to five y/o
Republic Act No. 10152
Administration of Rotavirus Vaccine for Infants
DOH Memorandum No. 2012-0153
Administration of Pneumococcal Conjugate
Vaccine-13 (PCV 13)
DOH Memorandum No. 2014-0155
Administration of Inactivated Poliomyelitis
Vaccine
DOH Memorandum No. 2015-0164
Guidelines in the Implementation of School-based Immunization
DOH Memorandum No. 2015-0146
Childhood Immunizable Diseases
- Tuberculosis - Primary Complex if less than
3y/o - Diphtheria
- Pertussis
- Neonatal Tetanus
- Poliomyelitis
- Hepatitis B
- Measles
- Mumps
- Rubella (German Measles)
- Meningitis
- Pneumonia
- Diarrhea
General Principles of Immunization
- Safe and immunologically effective to administer all EPI vaccines on the same day at different sites of the body.
- Measles vaccine should be given as soon as the child is 9 months old
- Vaccination schedule should not be restarted from the beginning
- Vaccine should be given with the recommended 4 weeks interval
- Strictly follow principle of never, ever reconstituting the freeze dried vaccine in anything other than the diluent supplied with them.
