LEC 1 Flashcards
The act of administering a liquid, especially a drug, into a person’s body using a needle (usually a hypodermic needle) and a syringe.
Injection
Types of Injections
- Intradermal
- Subcutaneuos
- Intramuscular
- Intravenous
_______ are injections administered into the dermis, just below the epidermis.
Intradermal Injection
______________ are administered in the fat layer, underneath the skin.
Subcutaneous Injection
___________ are delivered into the muscle
Intramuscular Injection
__________ is the fastest way to inject a medication directly into a vein.
Intravenous Injection (IV)
_____ provides a local and very little systemic effect
Intradermal Injection
_______ often abbreviated IM, is the injection of a substance into the muscle.
Intramuscular Injection
In this type of injection, a short needle is used to inject a drug into the tissue layer between the skin and the muscle
Subcutaneous Injection
____________ is commonly used for tuberculin skin testing but can also be used for allergy testing and local anesthetics
Intradermal Injection
To give an intradermal injection, a __-gauge or smaller needle is inserted just under the epidermis at an angle of approximately ___.
10°
In medicine, it is one of the several methods for parenteral administration of medication
Intramuscular Injection
Intramuscular injections are given in ______ situated below the ____ and _______ skin muscle tissue.
dermal and subcutaneous
Providers often use ______injection for medications that must be absorbed into the bloodstream slowly and and steadily, such as _______.
insulin
Such medications must be injected deep into muscles. The body absorbs these injections much more rapidly than SC injections, because of the greater amount of ____ supply to muscle tissue.
Intramuscular Injection
The most common areas for IM administration are the following:
- Dorsogluteal Muscle (Back of the Hip)
- Ventrogluteal (Side of Hip)
- Deltoid Muscle (Upper Arm)
- Vastus Lateralis (Side of thigh)
- Rectus femoris muscle (Anterior thigh, when other sites are not available)
Subcutaneous injections are administered into subcutaneous or ______ tissue located below the _____.
dermis
This method is used for small amounts of medication that require slow, systemic absorption.
Subcutaneous Injection
Generally, the duration of SC injection is longer than that of other _____ medications. Many medications cannot be given in a subcutaneous route that is usually recommended or two sites must be used.
parenteral
Common SC medications are _____and ______.
_______injections and some pain medications may be administered SC as well.
Allergy
An injection of a medication or another substance into a vein and directly into the bloodstream.
Intravenous Injection
It is one of the fastest ways to get a drug into the body. IV Administration involves a single injection followed by the insertion of a thin tube or ______onto a vein.
Intravenous Injection
Intravenous Administration avoids the ____ drug effect resulting in _____ of drug into the systemic circulation and consequently an immediate drug effect.
direct entry
Intravenously administered drugs are given either as a _____ (within 1-30 minutes) or an _______over a period of many hours.
infusion
__________ is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person’s vein.
Intravenous therapy
Intravenous injections and infusions may be given via _______ or _____ veins. _____ lines are usually inserted in the hand or arm.
Peripheral
_______ are centered around stories of care. All our dealings with our patients, doctors, business partners, and co-workers are guided by these.
Core Values
Are centered around stories of care. All our dealings with our patients, doctors, business partners, and co-workers are guided by these core values.
S – Sensitivity - responsiveness to the needs and wishes of patients and hospital staff.
T – Teamwork - unified effort to become the best in everything
O – Openness - receptivity to change and improvement.
R – Respect - recognize and uphold the rights of patients and co-workers
I – Integrity - Honesty and professionalism in the performance of duty.
E – Excellence - consistently outstanding delivery of comprehensive care.
S – Social Responsiveness - commitment to service the wider community.
Mission
We deliver compassionate patient care with the best outcome. We respond to the needs of the community in the preservation of health through education, training, and research.
Mission
We deliver _______ patient care with the _________. We respond to the _____of the community in the _____ of health through _____, _____, and _____.
best outcome
—–
needs
—–
preservation
—–
education, training, and research
Vision
To be the hospital favored for exceptional patient experience.
Vision
To be the ______ for _______ patient experience.
exceptional
Centers for Excellence
- Cancer Care Center
- Radiology and Imaging Department
- Heart Station
- Cardiovascular Catheterization and Intervention Center
- PEME PHIL
- Center for Women’s Health
Center for Women’s Health
Goal 1: Identify Patients Correctly
Goal 2: Improve Effective Communication
Goal 3: Improve the Safety of High Alert Medications
Goal 4: Ensure Safe Surgery
Goal 5: Reduce the Risk of Health Associated Infections
Goal 6: Reduce Risk of Patient Harm Resulting From Falls
Use 2 identifiers: 1) ____, 2) _____, besides checking the ID band and medication record number.
Name and Birthday
Do not use the following for Identification
Patient Room Numbers
Locations (e.g. private rooms, general ward)
T.O. Never accept a ______ order.
telephone
Standard IPSG 2.2 – ______________
Collaboration among healthcare professionals in all matters related to patient care. We use the SBAR approach.
S - Situation
B - Background
A - Assessment
R - Recommendation
Goal 3: Improve the Safety of High Alert Medications
High alert medications are medications that are most likely to cause _________ to patients, even used as ______.
____ can be devastating.
intended
—–
Errors
High Alert Medications
Anesthetics
Anticoagulants
Chemotherapy
Dextrose (greater than or equal to 20%)
Insulin
Oxytocin
Sedatives*
Goal 5: Reduce the Risk of Health Associated Infections
Give examples:
Personal Protective Equipment
Hand Hygiene
Hospital Waste Management
Limit Hospital Stay
5 Moments for hand Hygiene
- Before touching the patient
- Before a clean aseptic procedure
- After body fluid exposure risk
- After touching the patient
- After touching patient’s surroundings
Hospital Waste Management
Infectious Waste
Sharps
Pharmaceutical Waste
Radioactive Waste
Non-hazardous waste
Medical Waste Disposal
Give corresponding color.
- General Waste
- Infected Plastics
- Infected Waste
- Glassware
- Sharps
- General Waste - Green
Kitchen Waste, Paper, Tissues, Water bottles, Cans - Infected Plastics - Red
Syringes, Gloves, Plastic Waste - Infected Waste - Yellow
Soiled, Anatomical, Chemical Liquid, Laboratory Waste, Expired & Discarded Medicines, Cytotoxins. - Glassware - Blue
Antibiotic Vials, Metallic Implants, Glassware Materials, Except Cytotoxic - Sharps - Separate Container
Needles, Cut Glasses
Goal 6: Reduce Risk of Patient Harm Resulting From Falls
- Prioritize Safety of Patient
- Identify Category of Patient
- Assessment of Patient
- Use of Safety Devices
- Accomplish Risk for Fall Assessment Form
Organizational Chart
Board of Directors
Executive Committee
President
Medical Director
Chief of Clinics
Supervisor
Staff Nurse
OPD Services
OPD Consultation and Evaluation
Prenatal Check up
PAP Smear
Circumcision
Nebulization
v
Department/Clinic
- Pediatric Clinic
- OB Clinic
- Surgery Clinic
- Cardio Clinic
- Internal Medicine Clinic
Guidelines in OPD
- Patient Pass by Registration
- New Patients Assessment
- Triage
- Filling out of Forms
- Registration
- Pay Check Up Fee (100 pesos)
- Return to OPD with receipt
- With Labs required
Old Patients in OPD
- Retrieve patient’s record from piling cabinet
- Vital signs
- Weight check
- Height check
- Bring record to physician on duty
- After check up/treatment
- Collect medical record from patient from piling
New Patients in OPD
- Ask patient to fill out forms
- Vital signs
- Weight check
- Height check
- Bring record to physician on duty
- After check up/treatment
- Collect medical record from patient from piling
Pregnant Client (patient) in OPD
- Retrieve patient’s record from piling cabinet
- Short interview OB score
- Compute EDC/AOG
- Vital signs
- Weight check
- Height check
- Leopold’s maneuver
- Fundic height
- Fetal heart tone
- Doppler ultrasound
- Bring record to physician on duty
- After check up/treatment
- Collect medical record from patient from piling
EDC and Age of Gestation
Due Date
Jan-March
(Month + 9) (Day + 7) (Year as is)
April-Dec
(Month - 3) (Day + 7)( Year + 1)
Age of Gestation
Formula:
Add all days of LAST MENSTRUAL PERIOD until DATE OF CONSULTATION
Divide by 7 (week)
For Pediatric Patient in OPD
- Retrieve medical record if with existing record
- Interview with parent/caregiver for health history
- Ask for baby card
- Assessment (vital signs, height, weight)
- Treatment (e.g. nebulization, immunization, ear piercing.
- Health teaching (Pediatrician explains prescription)
- Documentation
- Medical records are brought back to the OPD office.
FORMS IN OPD
- Patient record
- Assessment form
- Health education acknowledgement form
- OPD Fall risk screening form
- Immunization record
- Developmental milestone checklist (tanner staging)
