Midterms | Unit 2: Cavite Incident of 1872: Mutiny or Revolution

Question 1

Three versions of Cavite Incident of 1872

Answer 1

1. Jose Montero Y Vidal’s version
2. Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera’s version
3. Official Report of Governor Izquierdo

Question 2

Mutiny or Revolution?

Jose Montero Y Vidal’s version

Answer 2

Mutiny

Question 3

Mutiny or Revolution?

Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera’s version

Answer 3

Mutiny

Question 4

Mutiny or Revoution?

Official Report of Governor Izquierdo

Answer 4

Revolution

Question 5

With the establishment in Spain of a government less radical than the one that appointed (1), the latter was relieved from his post. His successor, (2), assumed control of the government of these islands in (3). The most eventful episode in his rule was the Cavite revolt of 1872

Answer 5

1. La Torre
2. D. Rafael de Izquierdo
3. April 4, 1871

Question 6

The abolition of the (1) enjoyed by the laborers of the (2) of exemption from the (3) was, according to some, the cause of the insurrection. There were, however, other causes.

Answer 6

1. privileges
2. Cavite arsenal
3. tribute

Question 7

At times, the principal leaders met either in the house of the Filipino Spaniard, (1), or in that of the native priest, (2), and these meetings were usually attended by the curate of Bacoor (Cavite), the soul of the movement, whose energetic character and immense wealth enabled him to exercise a strong influence

Answer 7

1. D. Joaquin Pardo de Tavera
2. Jacinto Zamora

Question 8

The preconcerted signal among the conspirators of (1) and (2) was the (3) from the walls of the city. The details having been arranged, it was agreed that the uprising was to break out in the evening of the (4).

Answer 8

1. Cavite
2. Manila
3. firing of rockets
4. January 20, 1872

Question 9

In the district of (1), the fiesta of the patron saint, the (2), was being celebrated with pomp and splendor. On the night of the 20th, fireworks were displayed and rockets fired into the air. Those in (3) mistook these for the signal to revolt, and at (4) in the evening of that day, 200 native soldiers under the leadership of (5) rose up in arms, assassinated the commander of the fort and wounded his wife.

Answer 9

1. Sampaloc
2. Virgin of Loreto
3. Cavite
4. nine-thirty
5. Sergeant La Madrid

Question 10

The military governor of Cavite, (1), despatched two Spaniards to inform the Manila authorities of the uprising but they were met on the way by a group of natives, belonging to the (2) established by La Torre, who put them instantly to death.

At about the same time, an employee of the arsenal, (3), left Cavite in a war vessel for Manila, arriving there at midnight. He informed the commandant of Marine of what had occurred, and this official immediately relayed the news to Governor Izquierdo

Answer 10

1. D. Fernando Rojas
2. Guias
3. D. Domingo Mijares

Question 11

Early the next morning two regiments, under the command of (1), segundo cabo, left for Cavite on board the merchant vessels (2), (3), (4) and (5). He demanded rendition and waited the whole day of the 21st for the rebels to surrender, without ordering the assault of their position in order to avoid unnecessary shedding of blood. After waiting the whole day in vain for the rendition of the rebels, he launched an assault against the latter’s position, early in the morning of the 22nd, putting to the sword the majority of the rebels and making prisoners of the rest. On the same day an official proclamation announced the suppression of the revolt.

Answer 11

1. D. Felipe Ginoves
2. Filipino
3. Manila
4. Isabela I
5. Isabella II

Question 12

GomBurZa full names

Answer 12

D. Mariano Gomez
Don Jose Burgos
D. Jacinto Zamora

Question 13

Early in the morning of the (1), an immense multitude appeared on the field of Bagumbayan to witness the execution of the sentence. The attending force was composed of Filipino troops, and the batteries of the fort were aimed at the place of execution, ready to fire upon the least sign of uprising. (2) was executed first, then (3), then (4), and lastly, (5).

Answer 13

1. February 17
2. Gomez
3. Zamora
4. Burgos
5. Saldua

Question 14

When did the Audiencia suspend from the practice of law the following men: D. Jose Basa y Enriquez, D. Joaquin Pardo de Tavera, D. Antonio Regidor, D. Pedro Carillo, D. Gervasio Sanchez and D. Jose Mauricio de Leon?

Answer 14

April 3, 1872,

Question 15

Izquierdo had requested the sending to Manila of Spanish troops for the defense of the fort as most of those found here were natives. In pursuance of Izquierdo’s request, the government, by decree of (1), dissolved the native regiment of artillery and ordered the creation of an artillery force to be composed exclusively of (2). The latter arrived in Manila in (3). On the occasion of the arrival of the troops, the Sto. Domingo Church celebrated a
special mass at which high officials of the Government, the religious corporations, and the general public, attended, upon invitation by the Governor and Captain-General of the Philippines.

Answer 15

1. April 4, 1872
2. Peninsulares
3. July, 1872

Question 16

The arrival of General Izquierdo ([1]) was the signal for a complete change in the aspect of affairs. The new governor soon made it clear that his views were different from those of La Torre – that there would be no change in the established form of government – and he at once announced that he intended to govern the people “with a (2) in one hand and a (3) in the other.”

Answer 16

1. 1871-1873
2. crucifix
3. sword

Question 17

All of those who had offered their support to ex-Governor La Torre were classed as —, a term that since that time has been used in the Philippine Islands to designate any person who refused to servilely obey the wishes and whims of the authorities.

Answer 17

personas sospechosas (suspects)

Question 18

On the night of (1), there was an uprising among the soldiers in the (2), in Cavite, and the commanding officer and other Spanish officers in charge of the fort were assassinated. (3) attached to the arsenal and (4) under Sergeant La Madrid took part in this uprising, and it was believe that the entire garrison in Cavite was disaffected and probably implicated.

Answer 18

1. January 20, 1872
2. San Felipe fort
3. 40 marines
4. 22 artillerymen

Question 19

(1), the colonial minister, had drawn up a scheme of reforms by which he proposed to make a radical change in the colonial system of government which was to harmonize with the principles for which the revolution in Spain had been fought. It was due to these facts and promises that the Filipinos had great hopes of an improvement in the affairs of their country, while the (2), on the other hand, feared that their power in the colony would soon be completely a thing of the pastt

Answer 19

1. Moret
2. friars

Question 20

From GomBurZa, who is

Half-blood Spaniard?
Half-blood Chinaman?
Pureblood Tagalog?

Answer 20

Half-blood Spaniard: Burgos
Half-blood Chinaman: Zamora
Pureblood Tagalog: Gomez

Question 21

The three priests were condemned to death by a (1); and Antonio Ma. Regidor, a lawyer and councilman of Manila, Joaquin Pardo de Tavera, lawyer and member of the administrative council, P. Mendoza, curate of Santa Cruz, Guevarra, curate of Quiapo, the priests Mariano Sevilla, Feliciano Gomez, Ballesteros, Jose Basa, the lawyers Carillo, Basa, Enriquez, Crisanto Reyes, Maximo Paterno, and many others were sentenced to life imprisonment on the (2).

Answer 21

1. military court-martial
2. Marianas Islands

Question 22

The instigators, to carry out their criminal project, protested against the injustice of the government in not paying the provinces for their (1), and against the usury that some (officials) practise in (handling) documents that the Finance department gives crop owners who have to sell them at a loss. They encouraged the rebellion by protesting what they called the injustice of having obliged the workers in the Cavite arsenal to pay tribute starting (2) and to render personal service, from which they were formerly exempted.

Answer 22

1. tobacco crop
2. January 1, 1872

Question 23

Up to now it has not been clearly determined if they planned to establish a (1) or a (2), because the Indios have no word in their language to describe this different form of government, whose head in Tagalog would be called (3); but it turns out that they would place at the head of the government a priest; and there were great probabilities – nay, a certainty – that the head selected would be D. Jose Burgos, or D. Jacinto Zamora, parish priests of (4) of Manila

Answer 23

1. monarchy
2. republic
3. hari
4. S. Pedro

Question 24

Parish priests of S. Pedro of Manila

Answer 24

D. Jose Burgos
D. Jacinto Zamora

Question 25

To start the revolution, they planned to set fire to the district of (1). Once the fire was set and while the authorities were busy putting it out, the regiment of artillery with the help of the part of infantry would seize (2) of this Capital (they would then) fire cannons to inform the rebels of (3) (of their success). The rebels counted on the artillery detachment that occupied the fort and on the navy helped by 500 natives led by the pardoned leader (4). This person and his men, located at the town of Bacoor and separated from the fort of San Felipe by a small arm of the sea, would cross the water and reach the fort where they would find arms and ammunition.

Answer 25

1. Tondo
2. Fort Santiago
3. Cavite
4. Camerino

Question 26

The rebels (in Cavite) made the signals agreed upon by means of (1), but the native civilians (in [2]) although they tried it, failed because of the vigilance of the (Spanish) navy that had placed there a gunboat and armed
vessels

Answer 26

1. lanterns
2. Bacoor

Question 27

It has also been said that this center or (1) received inspiration from (2), where newspapers of advanced ideas flourish; to sustain them, subscriptions are (locally) solicited; in effect, newspapers such as (3) were sent here from Madrid which were distributed by persons now imprisoned, whose articles thundered against everything that can be found here.

Answer 27

1. junta
2. Madrid
3. El Eco Filipino

Question 28

Nationalism started to grow and spread from the (1) to the rest of the world from the (2). Advancements in Science during the (3) contributed to the spread of the ideas of nationalism, democracy, and liberalism around the world, which in turn inspired the colonies to aspire for self-determination and progress.

Answer 28

1. West
2. 1700s-1800s
3. Industrial Revolution

Question 29

The (1) Philippines saw developments (e.g., trade, social class, education, and secularization of parishes) that paved the way for the growth and development of Filipino nationalism. The decline of the (2) paved the way for the creation of a new middle class called (3), who were able to study in Europe. Moreover, the secularization movement continued to grow to call for more rights for the secular priests to head the parishes. Fr. Burgos, Fr. Gomez, and Fr. Zamora were prominent figures of the secularization movement.

Answer 29

1. 19th century
2. galleon trade
3. Illustrados

Question 30

One of the events that sparked (1) was the Cavite Incident of 1872, which took place on (2). Governor-General (3) removed the privileges of the native soldiers, e.g., their exemption from paying taxes (tributes) and forced labor. This historical event led to the execution of the three priests, namely: Fr. Jose Burgos, Fr. Mariano Gomez, and Fr. Jacinto Zamora, and others, as well as the deportation of some prominent Filipinos. Later, Jose Rizal dedicated his (4) to the three priests.

Answer 30

1. Filipino nationalism
2. January 20, 1872
3. Rafael Izquierdo
4. El Filibusterismo