Midterm_Laboratory_Frog

Answer 1

Hyaline layer

Answer 2

Blastomere

Answer 3

Cleavage furrow

Question 4

What are the blastomeres located at the animal pole?

Answer 4

micromeres

Question 5

What are the blastomeres located at the vegetal pole?

Answer 5

Macromeres

Question 6

At what stage of development do blastoderms form?

Answer 6

blastula

Question 7

Amount of yolk in frog?

Answer 7

mesolecothal

Question 8

Distribution of yolk in frogs

Answer 8

Moderately telolecithal

Question 9

a series of mitotic divisions that characterizes
this stage.

Answer 9

cleavage

Question 10

The first two (2) cleavages are ______________ while the third is __________

Answer 10

vertical
horizontal

Question 11

What cleavage furrow is the 2-cell stage?

Answer 11

1st cleavage furrow

Question 12

What cleavage furrows show that the fully formed and separated blastomeres of the frog’s egg is found only in the animal hemisphere at this stage.

Answer 12

2nd and 3rd

Question 13

What specific cleavage stage for 8-32 cell stages?

Answer 13

late cleavage stage

Question 14

What cell is formed in the cleavage stage?

Answer 14

blastula

Question 15

The advancing margin of the rapidly dividing cells is known as the?

Answer 15

germ ring

Question 16

What forms the gray crescent?

Answer 16

involution of cells

Question 17

In early gastrula sections, you will note that the invaginated cells are separated from the yolk mass of the vegetal hemisphere, leaving a slit-like space between these cells and overlying the ectoderm called the?

Answer 17

gastric slit

Question 18

What three structures form the floor of the new cavity in gastrulation?

Answer 18

Roof, archenteron and foremost of these advancing endoderm cells.

Question 19

What specific stage
The cells at the dorsal lip will be seen to have progressed far enough inward to form both floor and roof.

Answer 19

late gastrula

Question 20

differentiate floor and roof

Answer 20

roof is small, pigmented and relatively yolk-free

floor is large, non-pigmented and highly yolked

Question 21

The cells lining the archenteron form the?

Answer 21

endoderm

Question 22

Involution of the ventral margin of the germ ring forms the?

Answer 22

ventral lip

Question 23

ectoderm, the outermost layer of cells surrounding the entire gastrula, over the archenteric roof which will give rise to the?

Answer 23

medullary plate

Question 24

Origin of mesoderm?

Answer 24

Cells from ectoderm and endoderm

Question 25

Origin cells of notochord

Answer 25

prenotochordal cells

Question 26

What gives rise to both the spinal cord and the brain?

Answer 26

notochord?

Question 27

What cells are created during neurulation?

Answer 27

neural crest cells

Question 28

Neurulation begins with the formation of a?

Answer 28

Neural plate

Question 29

what structures can give rise to neural crest cells?

Answer 29

epidermis and neural plate

Question 30

These appear as elevations on either side of the thickened medullary plate formed by the convergence of cells from the sides and by cell proliferation.

Answer 30

Neural folds

Question 31

What is the slight depression in the midline of neurulation which is lined by highly pigmented cells (epithelial ectoderm).

Answer 31

Neural groove

Question 32

a lingering group of cells between the notochord and the archenteric roof known as?

Answer 32

subnotochordal rod.

Question 33

As neurulation progresses, the neural folds turn inwards and fuse at the mid-dorsal region forming a canal called?

Answer 33

Neurocoel

Question 34

What surrounds the neurocoel?

Answer 34

nueral tube

Question 35

Major region of the mesoderm that is lateral to the neural tube and notochord.

Answer 35

epimere

Question 36

epimeres become segmented into?

Answer 36

metameric somites

Question 37

Metameric somites differentiate into?

Answer 37

sclerotome, myotome, and dermatome

Question 38

Major region of the mesoderm where a solid and oval mass of cells are ventrolaterally positioned,

Answer 38

mesomere

Question 39

mesomere give rise to?

Answer 39

bulk of the system

Question 40

Major region of the mesoderm that is a uniformly thin layer of mesoderm ventrally situated.

Answer 40

Hypomere

Question 41

hypomeric mesoderm sheets split to give rise to an?

Answer 41

Intermediate coelomic cavity

Question 42

hypomeres give rise to?

Answer 42

bulk of the smooth muscle of the gut