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Developmental Biology > Midterm_Laboratory_Frog > Flashcards

Midterm_Laboratory_Frog Flashcards

1
Q
A

Hyaline layer

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2
Q
A

Blastomere

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3
Q
A

Cleavage furrow

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4
Q

What are the blastomeres located at the animal pole?

A

micromeres

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5
Q

What are the blastomeres located at the vegetal pole?

A

Macromeres

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6
Q

At what stage of development do blastoderms form?

A

blastula

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7
Q

Amount of yolk in frog?

A

mesolecothal

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8
Q

Distribution of yolk in frogs

A

Moderately telolecithal

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9
Q

a series of mitotic divisions that characterizes
this stage.

A

cleavage

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10
Q

The first two (2) cleavages are ______________ while the third is __________

A

vertical
horizontal

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11
Q

What cleavage furrow is the 2-cell stage?

A

1st cleavage furrow

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12
Q

What cleavage furrows show that the fully formed and separated blastomeres of the frog’s egg is found only in the animal hemisphere at this stage.

A

2nd and 3rd

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13
Q

What specific cleavage stage for 8-32 cell stages?

A

late cleavage stage

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14
Q

What cell is formed in the cleavage stage?

A

blastula

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15
Q

The advancing margin of the rapidly dividing cells is known as the?

A

germ ring

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16
Q

What forms the gray crescent?

A

involution of cells

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17
Q

In early gastrula sections, you will note that the invaginated cells are separated from the yolk mass of the vegetal hemisphere, leaving a slit-like space between these cells and overlying the ectoderm called the?

A

gastric slit

18
Q

What three structures form the floor of the new cavity in gastrulation?

A

Roof, archenteron and foremost of these advancing endoderm cells.

19
Q

What specific stage
The cells at the dorsal lip will be seen to have progressed far enough inward to form both floor and roof.

A

late gastrula

20
Q

differentiate floor and roof

A

roof is small, pigmented and relatively yolk-free

floor is large, non-pigmented and highly yolked

21
Q

The cells lining the archenteron form the?

A

endoderm

22
Q

Involution of the ventral margin of the germ ring forms the?

A

ventral lip

23
Q

ectoderm, the outermost layer of cells surrounding the entire gastrula, over the archenteric roof which will give rise to the?

A

medullary plate

24
Q

Origin of mesoderm?

A

Cells from ectoderm and endoderm

25
Q

Origin cells of notochord

A

prenotochordal cells

26
Q

What gives rise to both the spinal cord and the brain?

A

notochord?

27
Q

What cells are created during neurulation?

A

neural crest cells

28
Q

Neurulation begins with the formation of a?

A

Neural plate

29
Q

what structures can give rise to neural crest cells?

A

epidermis and neural plate

30
Q

These appear as elevations on either side of the thickened medullary plate formed by the convergence of cells from the sides and by cell
proliferation.

A

Neural folds

31
Q

What is the slight depression in the midline of neurulation which is lined by highly pigmented cells (epithelial ectoderm).

A

Neural groove

32
Q

a lingering group of cells between the notochord and the archenteric roof known as?

A

subnotochordal rod.

33
Q

As neurulation progresses, the neural folds turn inwards and fuse at the mid-dorsal region forming a canal called?

A

Neurocoel

34
Q

What surrounds the neurocoel?

A

nueral tube

35
Q

Major region of the mesoderm that is lateral to the neural tube and notochord.

A

epimere

36
Q

epimeres become segmented into?

A

metameric somites

37
Q

Metameric somites differentiate into?

A

sclerotome, myotome, and dermatome

38
Q

Major region of the mesoderm where a solid and oval mass of cells are ventrolaterally positioned,

A

mesomere

39
Q

mesomere give rise to?

A

bulk of the system

40
Q

Major region of the mesoderm that is a uniformly thin layer of mesoderm ventrally
situated.

A

Hypomere

41
Q

hypomeric mesoderm sheets split to give rise to an?

A

Intermediate coelomic cavity

42
Q

hypomeres give rise to?

A

bulk of the smooth muscle of the gut

Developmental Biology (5 decks)

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