Midterm2 Flashcards
With chest CT, structures are best seen when perpendicular to the transverse beam rather than parallel. Which fissure would not be visible on axial chest CT imaging due to it being parallel to the beam rather than perpendicular
Minor fissure
The only fissures visible on the frontal and lateral views are ___ and ____.
Pick two choices
Minor fissure
Superior accessory fissure
Some chest imaging procedures are no longer utilized due to replacement with newer and better imaging. Which imaging procedure utilized a contrast agent to better visualize a structure not normally seen on a plain film chest x-ray
Bronchography
Which are required for legal film demographic identification
Pick all that apply
Producing institution
Patient name and age
Production date
Film #????
Left hilar masses may impact which of the following nerves
Pick all that apply
Recurrent laryngeal
Phrenic
Vagus
Standard chest plain film x-rays
Done upright in ambulatory patient
Suspected small pneumothorax (air in the pleural space) on a full inspiraiton PA chest view could be confirmed by most cost effectively
Lateral decubitus with involved side up
The silhouette sign
Localizes at the chest wall
Upper left heart border silhouette sign may be produced by
LUL #4 pneumonia
Pulmonary consolidation in this segment could cause a silhouette sign with the posterior chest wall
RLL #6
The superior accessory fissure
Splits LLL segment 6 from segments 9 and 10
Which two fissures are horizontally oriented
Pick 2 choices
Superior accessory fissure
Accessory left minor fissure
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the chest series
Frontal view AP or PA
Which one of the following imaging procedures is non-ionizing
Cardiac ultrasound
MRI
The simplified form of patient positioning (for x-rays) that we discussed in class includes all except
Align central ray to fixed anatomical point
In class we discussed an alternate, more standardized method of laterality labeling of oblique x-rays differentfrom what you were taught in positioning class
Label laterality of the patient
If there was no easy access to chest CT, which plain film view would show the right lung to BETTER visualize questionable denisty
LAO
Apical lordotic?
The chest series is always performed ___ in conscious patients
With suspended breathing at full inspiration
Nuclear medicine scan of the heart
Thallium scan
Nuclear med scan for air and blood movement in the lungs
Ventilation and perfusion scans
The dividing line between the anterior and middle mediastinum radiographically
Anterior trachea posterior pericardium
Regarding the trachea, which is an incorrect statement
Can never deviate from the midline normally
Which structures at the pulmonary hilus are not visible as individual structures
Pick ALL that apply
Lymph nodes
Nerves
Pulmonary veins
Understanding lymphatic drainage of the lung helps to explain all of the following except
How consolidation spreads within a lobe
Segments of the left upper lobe include all of the following except
Lateral #4
RML and lingula have the same named segments. T/F
False
Segments #1 and #3 aret eh same in both the right and left lung. T/F
False
Segments #9 and #10 are combined segments in the left lung. T/F
False
All authors consider segemnts #7 and #8 to be the same in the right and left lung. T/F
False
The inferior accessory fissure
Splits RLL segment 7 from 8-10
Primary lobule
Ducts, sacs, and alveoli
Secondary lobule
3-5 acini
Acinus
Foundatioin of airspace consolidation
Pores of kohn
Interalveolar infectious exudate spread
Channels of Martin
Bronchi to bronchi connections
Extremely rare fissure in the left lung
Accessory left minor fissue
Which is the foundational building block for the pathological process of air space consolidation
Acinus
Which of the following anatomical structures does not contribute to the lateral view cardiovascular silhouette
Right atrium
Two causes for unilateral hyperlucent lung/hemithorax
Pick two choices
Absence of chest wall tissue
Pneumothorax
The normal relationship of pulmonary blood vessels in the recumbant position
Upper and lower lung blood vessels of equal size
Silhouette sign with the aortic knob created by
LUL #1-3
Silhouette sign with the upper descending thoracic aorta created by
LLL $6
Which segment would NOT produce a right lateral chest wall silhouette sign below the minor fissure
RML #5
If a water density lesion in the lung was in front of or behind the lung hilus, the hilus would be visible thorugh the lesion. T/F
True
When a hilus is enlarged unilaterally, the most likely anatomy generating the mass
Bronchus
Which fissure are visible on the lateral view
Pick all correct
Minor
Major
Which of the following is not a characteristic of proper chest exposure, on the frontal view
Osseous detail through the mid and lower mediastinum
____ is associated with air replacement and ___ is associated with air removal
Pick 2 choices
Consolidation
Atelectasis
Which is incorrect in our memory aid for cardiac chambers
Front is right atrium
On a frontal chest view, which mediastinal structure, when enlarged, might cover up the left hilus
Ascending aorta
Creates left middle lobe
Accessory minor fissure
Compartmentalized unit of lung
Secondary lobule
Facilitates lobar air perfusion
Direct airway anastomosis
Utilizes gravity to facilitate diagnosis
Lateral decubitus
Anterior basal segment #8
Silhouettes lateral chest wall
Contact with esophagus
Left atrium
Right heart border on frontal view
Right atrium
May be prominent with right hilar tumor
Superior vena cava
Upper to lower lung ratio 1-1 in recumbant position
Pulmonary vasculature
No vasculature visible
Cortical lung
Which of the following hilar structures is responsible for the left hilus anatomical position
Pulmonary artery
On chest radiographs, the heart normally obscures the
Anterior and medial left hemidiaphragm
The silhouette sign is nearly always a ____ finding and is usually due to ___
Abnormal
Lung disease
Our rules for remembering heart borders tells us: the anterior heart border is formed by the ___ and the posterior heart border is formed by the ____
Pick 2 choices
Right ventricle
Left atrium and ventricle
On a frontal chest view, which mediastinal structure, when enlarged, might cover up (not silhouette) the right hilus
Ascending aorta
