Final Flashcards
Endobronchial obstruction can cause atelectasis and can also be associated with ____ and ____
Pick 2
Localized airtrapping
Obstructive pneumonitis
Clinical suspicion of bronchiectasis that may mimic honeycomb lung is confirmed by which imaging procedure
Pulmonary CT
Inverse square law and grid rule means a 40 in ffd 12:1 grid technique and a 72” ffd non-grid technique will
Require 50% less mAs and 15% more kVp at 40”
Which of the following signs would point to air space consolidation
Early appearance
Respiratory zone shadows
Bilateral medullary lung opacification
Air bronchogram
Acinar shadows
A common cause of reticular pulmonary pattern is
Pulmonary fibrosis
Which of the following would NOT be considered a cause of unilateral hyperlucent lung
Pleural effusion
Mastectomy
Pneumothorax
Large emphysematous bulla ARE
Which of the following are signs of interstitial disease
Kerley A lines Honeycomb densities Kerley B lines 1-2mm nodules Reticulonodular densities
Which of the following are signs associated with resorption atelectasis
Vascular crowding early
Hilar shift toward density
Rib interspace narrowing
Which one of the following is not an acute pneumonia
Histoplasma
Pulmonary consolidation in this segment could cause a silhouette sign with the pulmonary artery
LUL #2
The most cost effective imaging for verification of density in segment 1 or upper 1-3
Apical lordotic
Bronchopneumonia pattern is typical of
Staph aureus pneumonia
Pulmonary consolidation in this segment could cause a silhouette sign with the upper thoracic aorta
LLL #6
A classic cause of lobar opacification
Streptofcoccus pneumoniae
Chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease may be due to
Sarcoidosis
Which of the following would NOT be associated with an air bronchogram
Resorption atelectasis
Which of the follwoing would typically be associated with interstitial disease
Viral pneumonia
Mycoplasmal pneumonia
A PA chest image done at 120 kVp instead of 100kVp would require which change in mAs
50% decrease
In children, resorption atelectasis related to large bronchial obstruction is often due to
Pick 2
Foreign object aspiration
Asthma
The most common causes of acute interstitial lung disease
Pulmonary edema
Viral pneumonia
Infectious pneumonia
In young patients, <30, unilateral localized increasing density is more often related to
Infectious pneumonia
Most diffuse interstitial disease is ___ and most airspace consolidation is ___
Chronic
Acute
Of the pulmonary infections, cavitations may occur with
Pick all correct
Staph aureus pneumonia
Klebsiella pneumonia
Most likely associated with staph aureus
The basics of lung disease tell us the lung has a limitied ability to react to disease. The interstitium can ____ the alveoli can fill with ____
Thick or thin
B, p, w, p, c or extra air
Fluid or extra air
Air space replacement disease may be indicated on plain film by
Fuzzy localized density
Acute diffuse interstitial lung disease is usually due to pulmonary edema or
Viral/mycoplasmal pneumonia
Three indirect signs of lung collapse are
Unilateral hemidiaphragm elevation
Mediastinal deviation
Rib interspace narrowing
Air space disease may be indicated on plain film by
Butterfly shadow
On a chest series the findings are: unilateral, localized, homogenous increase in radiodensity. What are the next considerations
Is it consolidation
Is it tumor
Is it atelectasis
Which of the following are complications of honeycomb lung
Pnuemothorax
Cor pulmonale
On a chest series the findings are: bilateral, widespread, non-homogenous increase in radiodensity. What are the next considerations
Is it reticular
Is it nodular 3-5mm
Is it nodular 1-2mm
Is it honeycomb
Which accessory fissure involves parietal pleura
Azygos fissure
Which of the following are descriptive of kerley B lines
Pick all correct
Thickened interlobular septa
Perpendicular to pleura
.5-2cm long
The superior accessory fissure
Seen on PA and lateral view
Could mimic minor fissure on the PA view
Aspiration pneumonia
Segment 5 or 7
Affinity for RLL or RML
Staph aureus
Peds. Pneumatocele
May produce bronchopneumonia pattern
Pulmonary arteries
Honeycomb lung direct impact
Bilateral hilar enlargement
Pleural effusion
May simulate elevated hemidiaphragm
Localized density with meniscus sign
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Peripheral consolidation initially
Lobar consolidation
When is the lingula atelectic
Compensatory emphysema may be only indirect sign
What is the principal mechanism for atelectasis with a large hilar related neoplasm
Obstructive
Which fo the following is NOT characteristic of a PA upright, frontal, full inspiration chest view
Heart will shor maximum size
Expiration and AP supine chest radiographs show ____ when compared to upright PA
Larger blood vessels, whiter lungs
All of the following would be better visualized on the expiratory film except
Pleural effusion
Direct blunt trauma to the chest may result in pulmonary contusion or
Pulmonary laceration
Pulmonary contusion
Left mediastinal anatomy ordered correctly from superior to inferior
Aortic knob, pulmonary artery, left atrium, left ventricle
The air bronchogram sigm
Canals of lambert impact
Not often seen due to bronchial filling
With the silhouette sign - which is an incorrect statement
Useful with consolidation, atelectasis or interstitial disease
The numerical value of tissue denisty on a CT scan called hounsfeld units and the typical value for water is
0
Which one of the following is NOT a consolidation sign
Late coalescence
Air bronchogram sign
Visible air filled bronchi surrounded by opacified lung
A full inspiration PA chest projection will show
Left cardiac-medial diaphragm silhouette sign
Kerley A and B lines are indicative of _____ and associated with ___
Interstitial disease
Pulmonary edema
Metastasis to the lung from rectosigmoid carcinoma would present as
Multiple pulmonary nodules > 8 mm
Localized hyperlucency (exterme right side of flow chart) is seen with all of the following except
Emphysema
The most common causes for air space consolidation are
Water
Pus
Lower left heart border silhouette sign may be produced by
LUL #5 pneumonia
Suspected pneumothorax on a full inspiration PA chest iew could be confirmed most cost-effictively by
Expiration film
The most common cause for adult resorption atelectasis is
Bronchogenic cancer
Which of the following is NOT part of the criteria for the usual frontal chest view
75-90 kVp
Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the right ventricle
Makes up the right heart border along with the right atrium on the frontal view
Hilar bronchogenic cancer can have an impact on all of the following nerves except
Right recurrent laryngeal
On chest CT the hounsfeld # for pure air is ___ and water ____
-1000
0
Which of the following hilar anatomy structures would typically produces unilateral hilar enlargement
Bronchus
On the frontal PA chest view, which cardiac chamber does not border form
Right ventricle
Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the pulmonary artery on the PA chest view
Should superimpose over the left hilus
Which of the following is not a fibrosis pattern
Nodular 3-5mm densitites
Using the radiographic divisions, the greatest collection of lymph nodes is in the
Middle mediastinum
All of the following are true statements regarding mediastinal lymph nodes except
Can be detected on CT only when calcified or > 3 cm
Left lateral decubitus view is made with the patient
Lying on the left side with the x-ray beam parallel to the floor
Aorta could produce a mediatsinal mass in
All mediastinum divisions
Hilar bronchogenic cancer can have an impact on all of the following nerves except
Sympathetic chain
On chest CT hounsfeld units for pure air and lung ar
- 1000
- 800
With a large amount of free pleural fluid
There will be localized water density
All of the following are acute pneumonia radiographic appearances except
Well-defined nodular density
Best imaging for suspected pleural effusion confiramtion would be ___ or ____
Pick 2
Lateral decubitus with affeceted side down
CT
Air space disase may be indicated on plain film by
A butterfly pattern of density with air bronchogram
Transverse aortic arch would be considered ____ mediastinal
Middle
An ascending aortic aneurysm would produce
Anterior mediastinal mass
All are correct statements regarding the importance of understanding the pulmonary lymphatic drainage schematic called big orange except
Explains the reticular vs nodular pattern
Ascending aortic aneurysm of marfan’s syndrome would produce a
Anterior mediastinal mass
Based on the acute pneumonia classification the most likely appearance for viral/mycoplasma pneumonia is
Interstitial pattern
Resorption atelectasis
Can result from tumor or asthma
Acinonodular pattern
Widespread 5-8mm dot pattern
Asthma
Localized air-trapping
Localized hyperlucency
PA chest view
7 and 8 silhouette diaphragm
Honeycomb lung
Cor pulmonale
Granulomatous causes of pulmonary cavitation
Pick 2
Rheumatoid
Wegener’s
Acute spinal compression fracture with surrounding hematoma might produce a
Posterior mediastinal mass
Patient’s with NF and PSS have ___ in common
Honeycomb lung
