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Soft A > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Endobronchial obstruction can cause atelectasis and can also be associated with ____ and ____

Pick 2

A

Localized airtrapping

Obstructive pneumonitis

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2
Q

Clinical suspicion of bronchiectasis that may mimic honeycomb lung is confirmed by which imaging procedure

A

Pulmonary CT

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3
Q

Inverse square law and grid rule means a 40 in ffd 12:1 grid technique and a 72” ffd non-grid technique will

A

Require 50% less mAs and 15% more kVp at 40”

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4
Q

Which of the following signs would point to air space consolidation

A

Early appearance
Respiratory zone shadows

Bilateral medullary lung opacification
Air bronchogram
Acinar shadows

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5
Q

A common cause of reticular pulmonary pattern is

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

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6
Q

Which of the following would NOT be considered a cause of unilateral hyperlucent lung

A

Pleural effusion

Mastectomy
Pneumothorax
Large emphysematous bulla ARE

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7
Q

Which of the following are signs of interstitial disease

A 
Kerley A lines
Honeycomb densities
Kerley B lines
1-2mm nodules
Reticulonodular densities
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8
Q

Which of the following are signs associated with resorption atelectasis

A

Vascular crowding early
Hilar shift toward density
Rib interspace narrowing

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9
Q

Which one of the following is not an acute pneumonia

A

Histoplasma

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10
Q

Pulmonary consolidation in this segment could cause a silhouette sign with the pulmonary artery

A

LUL #2

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11
Q

The most cost effective imaging for verification of density in segment 1 or upper 1-3

A

Apical lordotic

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12
Q

Bronchopneumonia pattern is typical of

A

Staph aureus pneumonia

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13
Q

Pulmonary consolidation in this segment could cause a silhouette sign with the upper thoracic aorta

A

LLL #6

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14
Q

A classic cause of lobar opacification

A

Streptofcoccus pneumoniae

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15
Q

Chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease may be due to

A

Sarcoidosis

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16
Q

Which of the following would NOT be associated with an air bronchogram

A

Resorption atelectasis

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17
Q

Which of the follwoing would typically be associated with interstitial disease

A

Viral pneumonia

Mycoplasmal pneumonia

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18
Q

A PA chest image done at 120 kVp instead of 100kVp would require which change in mAs

A

50% decrease

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19
Q

In children, resorption atelectasis related to large bronchial obstruction is often due to

Pick 2

A

Foreign object aspiration

Asthma

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20
Q

The most common causes of acute interstitial lung disease

A

Pulmonary edema
Viral pneumonia

Infectious pneumonia

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21
Q

In young patients, <30, unilateral localized increasing density is more often related to

A

Infectious pneumonia

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22
Q

Most diffuse interstitial disease is ___ and most airspace consolidation is ___

A

Chronic

Acute

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23
Q

Of the pulmonary infections, cavitations may occur with

Pick all correct

A

Staph aureus pneumonia
Klebsiella pneumonia

Most likely associated with staph aureus

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24
Q

The basics of lung disease tell us the lung has a limitied ability to react to disease. The interstitium can ____ the alveoli can fill with ____

A

Thick or thin

B, p, w, p, c or extra air
Fluid or extra air

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25
Q

Air space replacement disease may be indicated on plain film by

A

Fuzzy localized density

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26
Q

Acute diffuse interstitial lung disease is usually due to pulmonary edema or

A

Viral/mycoplasmal pneumonia

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27
Q

Three indirect signs of lung collapse are

A

Unilateral hemidiaphragm elevation
Mediastinal deviation
Rib interspace narrowing

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28
Q

Air space disease may be indicated on plain film by

A

Butterfly shadow

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29
Q

On a chest series the findings are: unilateral, localized, homogenous increase in radiodensity. What are the next considerations

A

Is it consolidation
Is it tumor
Is it atelectasis

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30
Q

Which of the following are complications of honeycomb lung

A

Pnuemothorax

Cor pulmonale

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31
Q

On a chest series the findings are: bilateral, widespread, non-homogenous increase in radiodensity. What are the next considerations

A

Is it reticular
Is it nodular 3-5mm
Is it nodular 1-2mm
Is it honeycomb

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32
Q

Which accessory fissure involves parietal pleura

A

Azygos fissure

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33
Q

Which of the following are descriptive of kerley B lines

Pick all correct

A

Thickened interlobular septa
Perpendicular to pleura
.5-2cm long

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34
Q

The superior accessory fissure

A

Seen on PA and lateral view

Could mimic minor fissure on the PA view

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35
Q

Aspiration pneumonia

A

Segment 5 or 7

Affinity for RLL or RML

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36
Q

Staph aureus

A

Peds. Pneumatocele

May produce bronchopneumonia pattern

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37
Q

Pulmonary arteries

A

Honeycomb lung direct impact

Bilateral hilar enlargement

38
Q

Pleural effusion

A

May simulate elevated hemidiaphragm

Localized density with meniscus sign

39
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Peripheral consolidation initially

Lobar consolidation

40
Q

When is the lingula atelectic

A

Compensatory emphysema may be only indirect sign

41
Q

What is the principal mechanism for atelectasis with a large hilar related neoplasm

A

Obstructive

42
Q

Which fo the following is NOT characteristic of a PA upright, frontal, full inspiration chest view

A

Heart will shor maximum size

43
Q

Expiration and AP supine chest radiographs show ____ when compared to upright PA

A

Larger blood vessels, whiter lungs

44
Q

All of the following would be better visualized on the expiratory film except

A

Pleural effusion

45
Q

Direct blunt trauma to the chest may result in pulmonary contusion or

A

Pulmonary laceration

Pulmonary contusion

46
Q

Left mediastinal anatomy ordered correctly from superior to inferior

A

Aortic knob, pulmonary artery, left atrium, left ventricle

47
Q

The air bronchogram sigm

A

Canals of lambert impact

Not often seen due to bronchial filling

48
Q

With the silhouette sign - which is an incorrect statement

A

Useful with consolidation, atelectasis or interstitial disease

49
Q

The numerical value of tissue denisty on a CT scan called hounsfeld units and the typical value for water is

A

0

50
Q

Which one of the following is NOT a consolidation sign

A

Late coalescence

51
Q

Air bronchogram sign

A

Visible air filled bronchi surrounded by opacified lung

52
Q

A full inspiration PA chest projection will show

A

Left cardiac-medial diaphragm silhouette sign

53
Q

Kerley A and B lines are indicative of _____ and associated with ___

A

Interstitial disease

Pulmonary edema

54
Q

Metastasis to the lung from rectosigmoid carcinoma would present as

A

Multiple pulmonary nodules > 8 mm

55
Q

Localized hyperlucency (exterme right side of flow chart) is seen with all of the following except

A

Emphysema

56
Q

The most common causes for air space consolidation are

A

Water

Pus

57
Q

Lower left heart border silhouette sign may be produced by

A

LUL #5 pneumonia

58
Q

Suspected pneumothorax on a full inspiration PA chest iew could be confirmed most cost-effictively by

A

Expiration film

59
Q

The most common cause for adult resorption atelectasis is

A

Bronchogenic cancer

60
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the criteria for the usual frontal chest view

A

75-90 kVp

61
Q

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the right ventricle

A

Makes up the right heart border along with the right atrium on the frontal view

62
Q

Hilar bronchogenic cancer can have an impact on all of the following nerves except

A

Right recurrent laryngeal

63
Q

On chest CT the hounsfeld # for pure air is ___ and water ____

A

-1000

0

64
Q

Which of the following hilar anatomy structures would typically produces unilateral hilar enlargement

A

Bronchus

65
Q

On the frontal PA chest view, which cardiac chamber does not border form

A

Right ventricle

66
Q

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the pulmonary artery on the PA chest view

A

Should superimpose over the left hilus

67
Q

Which of the following is not a fibrosis pattern

A

Nodular 3-5mm densitites

68
Q

Using the radiographic divisions, the greatest collection of lymph nodes is in the

A

Middle mediastinum

69
Q

All of the following are true statements regarding mediastinal lymph nodes except

A

Can be detected on CT only when calcified or > 3 cm

70
Q

Left lateral decubitus view is made with the patient

A

Lying on the left side with the x-ray beam parallel to the floor

71
Q

Aorta could produce a mediatsinal mass in

A

All mediastinum divisions

72
Q

Hilar bronchogenic cancer can have an impact on all of the following nerves except

A

Sympathetic chain

73
Q

On chest CT hounsfeld units for pure air and lung ar

A
  • 1000

- 800

74
Q

With a large amount of free pleural fluid

A

There will be localized water density

75
Q

All of the following are acute pneumonia radiographic appearances except

A

Well-defined nodular density

76
Q

Best imaging for suspected pleural effusion confiramtion would be ___ or ____

Pick 2

A

Lateral decubitus with affeceted side down

CT

77
Q

Air space disase may be indicated on plain film by

A

A butterfly pattern of density with air bronchogram

78
Q

Transverse aortic arch would be considered ____ mediastinal

A

Middle

79
Q

An ascending aortic aneurysm would produce

A

Anterior mediastinal mass

80
Q

All are correct statements regarding the importance of understanding the pulmonary lymphatic drainage schematic called big orange except

A

Explains the reticular vs nodular pattern

81
Q

Ascending aortic aneurysm of marfan’s syndrome would produce a

A

Anterior mediastinal mass

82
Q

Based on the acute pneumonia classification the most likely appearance for viral/mycoplasma pneumonia is

A

Interstitial pattern

83
Q

Resorption atelectasis

A

Can result from tumor or asthma

84
Q

Acinonodular pattern

A

Widespread 5-8mm dot pattern

85
Q

Asthma

A

Localized air-trapping

Localized hyperlucency

86
Q

PA chest view

A

7 and 8 silhouette diaphragm

87
Q

Honeycomb lung

A

Cor pulmonale

88
Q

Granulomatous causes of pulmonary cavitation

Pick 2

A

Rheumatoid

Wegener’s

89
Q

Acute spinal compression fracture with surrounding hematoma might produce a

A

Posterior mediastinal mass

90
Q

Patient’s with NF and PSS have ___ in common

A

Honeycomb lung

Soft A (6 decks)

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