Midterm Week #5 Flashcards
What are the types of connective tissue supporting muscles?
Fascia Lata, Tendons, Retinacula
Fascia Lata encases muscles, tendons attach muscles to bones, and retinacula secure tendons in place.
What is the function of Fascia Lata?
Encases muscles, prevents excessive swelling, aids venous return
It divides the leg into anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments.
What are tendons?
Dense, fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscles to bones
They transmit muscle force to bones for movement.
Name two major lower body tendons.
- Iliopsoas tendon
- Achilles tendon
What do retinacula do?
Secure tendons in place, prevent bowstringing during movement
Types include Extensor, Flexor, and Fibular Retinacula.
What are the main actions of the Tibialis Anterior?
Dorsiflexion, inversion
Origin: Lateral tibia; Insertion: Medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal.
What is the action of the Gastrocnemius muscle?
Plantarflexion, knee flexion
Origin: Femur condyles; Insertion: Achilles tendon.
What common muscle disorder is caused by overuse or overstretching?
Muscle Strains
Symptoms include pain, swelling, and reduced mobility.
True or False: Muscular Dystrophy is a genetic disorder.
True
It leads to progressive muscle weakness and loss of mobility.
What is Sarcopenia?
Age-related muscle loss
Begins around age 40 and accelerates after 60.
Fill in the blank: The _______ tendon connects the calf to the heel.
Achilles tendon
What are the key landmarks in the thigh for muscle identification?
- Patella
- Femoral triangle (inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus)
What impact does resistance training have on muscle health?
Slows muscle loss
It is important for maintaining muscle mass with aging.
What is the primary symptom of Myasthenia Gravis?
Fatigue, weakness
Particularly affects eyes and throat.
What role does protein intake play in muscle health?
Supports muscle repair
Along with vitamins D and calcium for bone-muscle interaction.
What is Compartment Syndrome?
Increased muscle pressure
Can lead to pain, numbness, and permanent nerve/muscle damage if untreated.
What are the symptoms of Fibromyalgia?
Widespread muscle pain, fatigue
It leads to reduced function and increased sensitivity.
What are the actions of the Flexor Hallucis Longus?
Big toe flexion, plantarflexion, arch support
Origin: Posterior fibula; Insertion: Distal phalanx (big toe).
What is the role of hydration in muscle health?
Prevents cramps & fatigue
Electrolyte balance is crucial for muscle function.
What is the effect of aging on muscle recovery?
Slower recovery from injuries
This is due to decreased muscle mass and strength.
What two factors affect muscle health?
- Exercise
- Diet
