Midterm Terms Flashcards
periodic phrasing
phrases portions
harmonic and melodic symmetries
double return
return of tonic and exposition theme after the development
empfindsamer Stil
“sensitive style” classical composition style
express true and natural feelings
Empfindsamkei
sensibility, aimed at the expression and transmission of different human emotions
instrumental recitative
instrumental works, melodic lines resemble vocal recitatives. non verbal communication between composer/performer to listener
clavichord
keyboard instrument capable of dynamics.
fantasia
free from structure, harmonic/rhythmically different
Alberti bass
three note chord arpeggiated from low to high
galant style
18th century aesthetic
pleasant, easily absorbed, light accompaniment
accompanied keyboard sonata
keyboard sonata late 18th century
with instrumental accompaniment
dramma giocoso
Italian for humors drama
common opera genre in 18th century
opera buffa
comic opera
intermezzo
short comic opera in between acts
The War of The Buffoons or Querelle des Bouffons
battle between musical styles,
between French and Italian operas
reform operas
opera aimed at sensitivity
natural and true to real life
Gluk
enlightenment
era of reason,
Concert Spirituel
early European concert series
organized in Paris
symphonic binary form
musical forms in two related sections
sonata form
exposition development recap
double exposition form
orchestra plays exposition
soloist modulates it
string quartet
chamber ensemble
2 violin, viola, cello
symphony
composition for full orchestra
large multi movement work
Sturm und Drang
German storm and stress
literary movement
violent emotional changes in most dramatic way possible
thematic work
manipulation of thematic material
exposition
opening of sonata from
development
develops new theme
recapitulation
last section, restates theme of exposition in tonic
the typical four movements of the symphony and string quartets
sonata allegro
slow adagio
dance minuet scherzo
fast rondo/sonata rondo
minuet
triple meter form dance
scherzo
“joke”
fast moving
replaced slower minuet
rondo form
usually last movement
lively thematic section alternates between episodes
cadenza
written/imporv section
free rhythmic style
show off virtuosity
noise-killer opening
big opening to quiet everyone
Singspiel
German for singing play
operatic work with spoken dialog
balled opera
organicism
entire word is developed from on seed/theme
sketch books
Beethoven’s drafts, can see edits
conversation books
asked people to write down their response
Heiligenstadt Testament
letter written by Beethoven to his brothers expressing his despair to deafness and desire to overcome challenges
program music
pieces with elaborate background stories or extramusical references
impresario
Italian for entrepreneur
someone who organizes/finances concerts, plays, operas
cantabile
Italian for song like
applied to instrumental chamber music
tempo di mezzo
transition between cantabile and a cabaletta within a serious aria
scena
division of an act in Italian opera
scene with self contained tragedy
focused on one/two characters
cavatina
solo aria
characters entrance
bel canto
Italian for fine singing
operatic style of singing
virtuous upper registers
absolute music
instrumentalist music composed purely as music, not intended to represent or illiterate something else like program music
ballad
sung narrative poem
basso buffo
comic bass
Bayreuth
Wagner Festival
concert overture
piece of music indented for independent performance
forerunner of the symphonic poem
endless melody
seamless stream of notes that continually avoids final cadence
Wagner
exoticism
evoke atmosphere of other cultures
form yields to content
where music follows structure of the content
George Sand
Chopin’s girlfriend
novelist
Amantine Lucile Dupin
Gesamtkunstwerk
German for total/united work
use of all media
ide’e fixe
French fixed idea
Berlioz
music idea that reoccurs within a work recalling an idea
Liederkreis
Shumann song cycle
literacy
refers to someone musical knowledge
lyric poem
express personal emotions
miniature
short pieces
domestic use
everyone could play and enjoy
modal mixture
mixing harmonies from different modes
its parallel minor
music drama
name given by Wagner to his operas
nationalism
patriotic tribute to a group
New German School
aplied to circle of composers around Franz Liszt in Weimar
part songs
male/female choral pieces
patter songs
comic aria
very fast lots of words
piano duet
four hands one keyboard
domestic use
realism
natural
true feelings `
recital
solo performance
show off skill
rubato
robbed
break away from tempo
own speed
salon
jam sesh
Schubertiade
Shubert centered event
strophic
same melody
different words
tenore di forza
strong tenor
top vocalist
the democratization of taste
concerts geared toward public’s taste
Rossini crescendo
trademark crecendo
through-composed
continues
no sections or repeats
transcriptions
arrangement, opera excerpts into piano
year of song
Schumann wrote over a hundred songs
