Midterm Study Guide: All Terms That Are Going To Be On Test

Question 1

Call and Response

Answer 1

one main singer says something and a group of singers follow and respond.

Question 2

Pentatonic

Answer 2

relating to, based on, or denoting a scale of five notes, especially one without semitones equivalent to an ordinary major scale with the fourth and seventh omitted.

Question 3

Composers

Answer 3

The people who create the elements of a song (its basic melody/lyrics, harmony,rhythm, and form)

Question 4

Arrangers

Answer 4

Arrangers are the people that write down the specific notes of a particular preformance.

Question 5

Performers

Answer 5

Performers play and infect the specific notes the Arrangers wrote.

Question 6

AABA Form

Answer 6

Focuses on repetition of a short, memorable section of music (A) with a brief change (B) or Bridge.

Question 7

Bridge

Answer 7

Musical material designed to separate repetitions of the main section of a song.

Question 8

Strophic Song

Answer 8

Most “A” sections are strophes, or repetitions of the same musical material with different lyrics. Associated with AABA Form.

Question 9

Tin Pan Alley

Answer 9

Tin Pan Alley is the name given to the collection of New York City music publishers and songwriters who dominated the popular music of the United States in the late 19th century and early 20th century. It can be argued that rock tried to destroy it.

Question 10

A capella

Answer 10

Singing groups with no instrumental accompaniment, later joined by instruments.

Question 11

Cover Versions

Answer 11

The same musical composition performed or recorded by different musicians.

Question 12

Multi-track recording

Answer 12

The ability to capture different parts of a song at different times. Originated in the “Tennessee Waltz” as a technological advancement.

Question 13

Blues

Answer 13

melancholic music of black American folk origin, typically in a twelve-bar sequence.

Question 14

Twelve-bar blues

Answer 14

A set of harmonies/ chords built from the 1st, 4th, and 5th notes of western musical scales. The chord progression is usually in this order: I-I-I-I-IV-IV-I-I-V-IV-I-I with each roman numeral representing a chord that lasts 4 beats

Question 15

Royalties

Answer 15

Royalties are the standard method of payment for songwriters and performers whose work is used on a recording

Question 16

Payola

Answer 16

Illegal practice of accepting bribes in exchange for heavy airplay

Question 17

Brill building

Answer 17

Reinvented The Tin Pan Alley system in New York, used songwriters and publishers to create more of rock n roll songs.

Question 18

Gold star studios

Answer 18

Created sort of a Tin Pan Alley type set up in Los Angeles, Phil spector and the wrecking crew were important figures here

Question 19

Motown

Answer 19

Founded by Berry Gordon Jr. In detroit michigan, They utilized a first rate studio band known as the “funk brothers” and they maintained a strict code of conduct for artists.

Question 20

The Twist

Answer 20

Originally recorded by Hank Ballard, Covered by Chubby Checker, and it is a popular non contact, free-form dance.

Question 21

Rock Group

Answer 21

A group where everyone is important, plays an instrument, and writes songs.

Question 22

Concept album

Answer 22

an album conceived as an integrated whole. Sort of tells a story throughout, You see elements from songs pop up at later times in the album.

Question 23

Bill Haley

Answer 23

First big rock n roll star, began career as a western swing bandleader. Shake, Rattle and roll which was covered by him, emphasized electric guitar.

Question 24

Chuck Berry

Answer 24

Integrated country and r&b influences, influential songwriter, lyricist, vocalist, and guitarist. songs like johnny b. goode contributed to rock n roll mythology. Violation of the Mann act 1959

Question 25

Little Richard

Answer 25

Incorporated high falsetto singing, embodied extroverted, outrageous spirit of rock n roll. Called to ministry in 1957

Question 26

Elvis Presly

Answer 26

began career with Sun records, moved to RCA Victor in 1955, TV and film appearances, Pop Friendly sound Drafted in 1957

Question 27

Buddy Holly

Answer 27

Began Career as country musician and later moved to rock n roll. Used two lead guitars (lead and rhythm) and pioneered double-tracking.

Question 28

Ritchie Valens

Answer 28

Recording career lasted 8 months before he died in a plane crash, helped create distinctive Los Angeles rock n roll sound.

Question 29

Ray charles

Answer 29

Created gospel influenced style known as the genius of soul. established career as jazz and rhythm and blues musician in seattle

Question 30

Sam Cooke

Answer 30

Created gospel influenced style. establishe career in chicago, cooler vocal approach, politics resided more in his life than music. embodied the tension between secular and gospel music

Question 31

Phil Spector

Answer 31

Producer at Gold star studios, was leiber and stoller’s apprentice.

Question 32

The Wrecking Crew

Answer 32

The studio band at Gold star studios and they worked with phil spector

Question 33

Berry Gordon Jr.

Answer 33

Owner of motown studios

Question 34

Funk Brothers

Answer 34

The first rate studio band that played at motown

Question 35

Brian Wilson

Answer 35

Was a songwriter, producer, arranger, performer, and made innovative compositions, apart of the beach boys.

Question 36

The Beach Boys

Answer 36

a band that made music relating to the california lifestyle, one of the first important american rock groups

Question 37

The Beatles

Answer 37

The first Britsh Rock Group and definitely one of the most important groups during the british invasion.

Question 38

The Rolling Stones

Answer 38

Another group that was important during the british invasion, They were more of bad boys as compared to the beatles and they played more of a blues style of music.

Question 39

Bob Dylan

Answer 39

Played folk music.