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blood bank > Midterm study > Flashcards

Midterm study Flashcards

1
Q

Which class of antibody reacts best at room temperature?

IgG
IgM
IgE
IgA

A

IgM

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2
Q

IgG antibodies are clinically significant for HDN because:

-They are too big to escape the vein
-They fix compliment
-They demonstrate dosage
-They are small enough to cross the placenta

A

They are small enough to cross the placenta

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3
Q

Hemolysis is a positive reaction that indicates you have most likely identified antibodies that:

-React at AHG
-Fix Compliment
-Cross the placenta
-Are immune stimulated

A

Fix Compliment

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4
Q

Which of the following is known as the membrane attack complex in the classical pathway?

C1
C3
C4,C2,C3
C5bC6C7C8C9

A

C5bC6C7C8C9

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5
Q

True or False: Most Antigens we have discussed are inherited autosomal dominant

A

True

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6
Q

A father is Xga+ and his wife is Xga- what will the phenotypes of his offspring be?

-His daughters will be Xga+ and Sons will be Xga-
-His daughters will be Xga- and his sons will be Xga+
-All of his children will be Xga-
-All of his children will be Xga+

A

His daughters will be Xga+ and Sons will be Xga-

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7
Q

As RBCs are stored which of the following increases?

Plasma potassium
2,3 DPG
ATP
pH

A

Plasma potassium

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8
Q

What is the longest length of time that the FDA says red cells can be stored for?

51 days
42 days
35 days
28 days

A

42 days

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9
Q

When there is a shift to the left, hemoglobin affinity for oxygen does what?

Increases
Decreases

A

Increases

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10
Q

What is the maximum time a sample may be obtained before a transfusion for pre-transfusion testing?

24 hours
8 hours
3 days
7 days

A

3 days

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11
Q

The immunodominant sugar responsible for group B specificity is:

N-acetyl galactosamine
D-Galactose
Fucose
N-acetyl glucosamine

A

D-Galactose

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12
Q

What is the most common cause of the following results:
Anti-A: 3+mf
Anti-B: 4+
A1 cell: 0
B cell: 0

Bacterial infection
Transfusion
Hemolytic disease of the newborn
Immunocompromised

A

Transfusion

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13
Q

Acquired B antigens are found in which individuals?

Bombay individuals
Group O persons
All blood groups
Group A persons

A

Group A persons
(from galactosamine being cut off)

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14
Q

Which blood type should NOT result from the union of an AB male to an O female?

A
B
O
None of these

A

O

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15
Q

A child is blood typed as A, their mother is blood type B, what blood type must the father be?

A
B
O
Bombay

A

A

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16
Q

Which of the following statements is true?

-An individual with AO genotype is homozygous for A.
-An individual with BB genotype is homozygous for B.
-An individual with OO genotype is heterozygous for O.
-An individual with AB genotype is homozygous for A and B.

A

An individual with BB genotype is homozygous for B.

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17
Q

What blood type is the following patient:
Anti-A: 0
Anti-B: 4+
A1 cell: 4+
B cell: 0

A
B
O
AB

A

B

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18
Q

Which subgroup do you suspect from the following results:
Anti-A: 0
Anti-B: 1+mf
Anti-A,B: 1+mf
A1 cell: 3+
B cell: 0

A2
A3
B3
Bel

A

B3

19
Q

An ABO type on a patient gives the following results, what is your next step?
Anti-A: 4+
Anti-B: 0
A1 cell: 0
B cell: 0

-Reverse type with A2 cells
-Forward Type with Anti-A,B
-Forward Type with A1 lectin
-Incubate at 4C for 5-10 minutes

A

Incubate at 4C for 5-10 minutes

20
Q

You would use Ulex europaeus reagent to investigate what?

-A subgroup
-B subgroup
-Potential Bombay
-Cold agglutinin

A

Potential Bombay

21
Q

Which bloodtype has the most amount of H substance?

A1
B
AB
O

A

O

22
Q

If the patient with the following serological results was a secretor, what substances would that person have in their secretions?
Anti-A: 0
Anti-B: 4+
A1 cell: 4+
B cell: 0

B, Leb
Lea
Anti-A
nothing

A

B, Leb

23
Q

The Lewis gene codes for a transferase that transfers a sugar onto precursor substance, what is that sugar?

Glucose
Fucose
Galactose
N acetylglucosamine

A

Fucose

24
Q

A patient has HH, LeLe, sese, A genes. What antigens will be expressed on their red cells?

-A, H, Lea
-Lea only
-A only
-A, H, Lea, Leb

A

A, H, Lea

25
Q

What test results distinguish an A1 person from an A2 person?

-A1 person is A lectin neg and A2 person is A lectin pos
-A1 person’s plasma antibody is pos with A2 person’s cells
-A1 person is A lectin pos and A2 person is A lectin neg
-A2 person’s plasma antibody is pos with A1 person’s cells

A

A1 person is A lectin pos and A2 person is A lectin neg

26
Q

Which antibody reacts with Rhesus- baby cells but not Rhesus- adult cells?

Anti-D
Anti-C
Anti-Du
Anti-LW

A

Anti-LW

27
Q

Which antigens in the Rh system are greater than 20% different between Black population and Caucasian population?

D
C
e
E

A

C

28
Q

A patient has developed multiple antibodies to the Rh system. Anti-D, Anti-C, and Anti-E. How many units do I have to test to find compatible blood?

33 units
15 units
3 units
1 Rh negative unit

A

1 Rh negative unit

29
Q

Which genotype may demonstrate dosage with an anti-C?

R0r’​
RZRZ​
R2r”​
rYr’

A

R0r’​

30
Q

Which offspring is not possible from a motherwho is R1R2 and a father who is R1r?

DcE/DcE​
DCe/DCe​
DCe/dce​
DcE/dce

A

DcE/DcE​

31
Q

An individual has the following Rh phenotype: D+ C- E+ c+ e- Using Fischer/Race terminology what is the most likely genotype if they are Asian?

DcE/DcE​
DCe/DCe​
DCe/dce​
DcE/dce

A

DcE/DcE​

32
Q

How are weaker than average reactions with anti-D categorized for donor’s cells?

Rh positive​
Rh negative​
Rh null​
Weak D

A

Rh positive​

33
Q

Which population is the Weak D test performed in?

Baby​
Elderly​
Cardiac
Prenatal

A

Baby

34
Q

What antibodies do you expect to find in a patient’s plasma who has never been pregnant or transfused and has the following serological results:
Anti-D: 4+
Anti-C: 4+
Anti-c: 0
Anti-E: 4+
Anti-e: 0

None​
Anti-D, Anti-C, Anti-E​
Anti-c, Anti-e​
Anti-D only

A

None​

35
Q

Which patient would you expect to make anti-D?

-Patient who is pregnant and molecularly tests as D mosaic
-Patient who gives weakly reactive D results in serological testing
-Patient who has already made anti-c
-Patient who is immune compromised and transfused Rh positive blood

A

Patient who is pregnant andmolecularly tests as D mosaic

(D Mosaic = D variable/Partial D
Just means D with mutations on outside like a mosaic)

36
Q

How is testing for Rh antigens and antibodies different from ABO testing?

-ABO antigens only require room temperature incubation for detection whereas Rh antigens require AHG for detection.
-Rh antibodies are naturally occurring and are usually present in patient plasma whereas ABO antibodies are not.
-ABO antibodies can be tested at room temperature whereas D antibodies require AHG for detection.
-It is not different. They are the same.

A

ABO antigens only require room temperature incubation for detection whereas Rh antigens require AHG for detection.

37
Q

Which genotype shows the strongest reactionwith anti-D?

DcE/DcE​
DCe/DCe​
D–/D–​
Dce/Dce

A

D–/D–​

38
Q

Rh null cells are which of the following?

Shaped like Stomatocytes
Serotype as D-C-c+E-e+
RhAG positive
Highly immunogenic

A

Shaped like Stomatocytes

39
Q

How would you interpret the following resultsof an antibody screen:
SC1: IS=0, 37=0, AHG=0, CC=2+
SC2: IS=0, 37=0, AHG=0, CC=2+
SC3: IS=0, 37=0, AHG=0, CC=2+

Positive​
Negative​
Not valid

A

Negative​

40
Q

How would you interpret the following resultsof phenotype testing:
Anti-A: 4+
Anti-B: 0
Anti-D: 0
A1 cell: 0
B cell: 4+

-A positive
-A negative
-Antibody Negative
-Antibody Positive

A

A negative

41
Q

Which enhancement colloid works by removal of water to concentrate antibody?

LISS​
Polybrene​
Albumin​
Polyethylene glycol

A

Polyethylene glycol

42
Q

Which of the following types of tests does not require the addition of check cells to verify adequate washing?

LISS​
Gel​
Solid phase​
PEG

A

Gel​

43
Q

Which is a lab controlled factor in AHG testing?

Temperature​
Incubation time​
G-force of centrifuge​
All of the above

A

All of the above

blood bank (4 decks)

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