Midterm Review- World History (Age of Exploration Section) Flashcards
What challenges did explorers face on their expeditions, foods they ate, etc? What was life like for a sailor aboard a ship?
Faced many challenges. Life was hard because of disease and food.
What resources did explorers search for and/or found from the following continents (1)
- India Looked for gold and silver but found spice
What resources did explorers search for and/or found from the following continents (2)
- South & North America looked for gold found sugar cane, looked for gold/NW passage found cotton
What resources did explorers search for and/or found from the following continents (3)
- Africa Ivory, Gold, Silver, Spices (cinnamon, ginger, and cloves), Precious Gems, Slave
Columbus:
Why was he arrested?
He abused his power
Columbus:
How did he treat the indigenous populations?
He murdered, raped, and imprisoned them.
Columbus:
What were his contributions to European exploration?
He discovered the North American Caribbean which led to North and South America being explored.
Columbus:
What nation sponsored his explorations?
Spain
Columbus:
Which indigenous population did he sell into slavery and almost cause the extinction of?
Taino
Columbus:
What modern day nations are the original settlements of Columbus located?
The Bahamas, Cuba, and Haiti
How did the explorers of the following countries change the “New World”?
Portugal
Africa and Asia, then known as the East Indies, and Canada and Brazil (the West Indies)
How did the explorers of the following countries change the “New World”?
Spain
Florida and the Gulf coast as well as Puerto Rico and lots of South america.
How did the explorers of the following countries change the “New World”?
France
North America, the Caribbean, and India
How did the explorers of the following countries change the “New World”?
England
discovered new routes to India, much of the Far East, and the Americas.
How did exploration create new trading opportunities for all European nations?
They had more resources and discovered more people to trade with.
What was the significance of the Columbian Exchange?
It resulted in the mixing of people, deadly diseases that devastated the Native American population, crops, animals, goods, and trade flows.
How did England and other nations contribute to the expansion of slavery?
They sponsored the exploration and took advantage of africa starting the slave trade.
Name goods that went from Europe to the New World
horses, sugar plants, and disease
Name good that went from the New World to Europe:
The Americas provided Europe, Asia, and Africa with a rich variety of new foodstuffs. Maize, potatoes, beans, tomatoes, peanuts, tobacco, and cacao
How did the Netherlands erode Portugal’s strength in Africa and the Indian Ocean?
They sponsored revolutions
How did the conquistadors defeat both the Incas & the Aztecs? What effects did they have on the indigenous populations?
Through smallpox and disease it killed many. It erased lots of their history.
The Spanish conquistadors defeated both the Incas and the Aztecs because of their modern technology, they had armor that neither of the native groups had ever seen before. The Incas were peaceful and trusting people that worked against them. The Aztecs saw the conquistadors as gods (because of their armor). They overthrew both of these indigenous populations, basically wiping out the population. Leaving them with almost no history or culture.
What was the encomienda system and how did it affect the indigenous populations under Spanish rule? What jobs were American natives forced to work under the Spanish and Portuguese?
The encomienda system pushed Spanish culture on the indigenous population. It enslaved the native population and forced them to farm, mine, ect. Created a caste like system of races
How did exploration affect the population levels of indigenous populations around North and South America? Be able to provide examples.
The population levels of the indigenous populations went severely down, with people being killed by disease, war, and starvation.
Explain whether or not the interactions between indigenous people and the European explorers were positive or negative, and why. (Culture, trade, labor, populations, religion, etc.)
The interaction was negative, because it destroyed the natives’ culture, religion, and populations. Anyone left over became slaves and had to do labor.
How did exploration help contribute to the expansion of slavery around the world?
Exploration opened up new trade routes, and found places where slaves could be found, and where slaves could work.
How did nations use Africa to help them sail to India?
Nations used the Africa coast as a passageway to India, and used the Cape of Good Hope as a landmarker. Among using other small ports to restock to start the journey.
How did nations use Africa to help them sail to India?
Nations used the Africa coast as a passageway to India, and used the Cape of Good Hope as a landmarker. Among using other small ports to restock to start the journey.
Explain the moral, political, and economic challenges involved with exploration. What role did religion play in exploration?
Morally, expedition was a bad and good thing depending on what you did. Politically, exploration was a way to prove your country as the best country. Economically, exploration costs a lot of money for counties. Religion spurred on most expeditions in the age of exploration by the will to convert people.
