Midterm review Flashcards
The conus medullaris is located at the approximately at the level of
L1-L2
Early in development, the brain segments into 3 primary vesicles
prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon
Extrahepatic obstruction in the neonate includes all except:
a. choledochal cyst
b. biliary atresia
c. hepatitis
d. spontaneous perforation of the bile ducts
Hepatitis
What are common clinical findings in a patient with appendicitis?
RLQ pain, fever, nausea
What percentage of premature infants may have intracranial hemorrhage?
40%
True or false:
The cisterna magna gradually decreases with gestational age
False
What pitfalls should be avoided when determining lateral ventricular size? (2)
Developing fetal cortical mantel,
Echogenic subarachnoid space
What term is used for any cavitation or CSF- filled cyst in the brain?
Porencephaly
Define the measurement used to determine whether appendicitis is present
an outer diameter greater than 6mm with compression
What is the most common age and gender for pyloric stenosis to occur?
Male, age 3 to 6 weeks
What is the “pseudokidney” or “sandwich” sign?
sonographic finding in a patient with intussusception
The lateral ventricles drain into the 3rd ventricle via what structure?
Foramen of Monroe
Name the fontanelle through which the neonatal brain may be scanned in the coronal plane.
Anterior fontanelle
In the pediatric US examination of the abdomen, all of the following are true except:
a. the right hepatic lobe should not extend more than 1cm below the xiphoid process
b. the common bile duct should measure less the 2mm in infants up to 1 year of age
c. the length of the gallbladder should not exceed the length of the kidney
d. the texture of the pancreas is hypoechoic, when compared to the liver
The right hepatic lobe should not extend more than 1cm below the xiphoid process
Which two complications are seen in patients with periventricular leukomalacia?
Anomalous myelination of the immature brain,
abnormal neurological development
What connects the third and fourth ventricles?
acqueduct of Sylvius
The most inferior portion of the spinal cord, located at- level of L1-L2, is called the
conus medullaris
Agenesis of the corpus callosum may indicate what malformation?
Arnold-Chiari malformation
What is the function of the hippocampus?
Memory
The CSF circulated between the
pia matter and arachnoid
What is the most common site for a choroid plexus hemmorrhage?
Occipital horn
What soft tissue mass is seen to form a bridge of gray matter across the 3rd ventricle when it is abnormal?
Massa intermedia
A subependymal hemorrhage is found at what site?
Thalamic-caudate groove (also called caudo-thalamate groove in some books)
Which phrase describes intussusception in the infant?
occurs when bowel prolapses into more distal bowel and is propelled in an antegrade fashion
