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Drilling Year 1 > Midterm Review > Flashcards

Midterm Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of drilling?

A

offshore and onshore

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2
Q

what is drilling?

A

the science of making a hole in the earths crust safely and economically.

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3
Q

what are the 3 most important parameters for drilling?

A

safety, safety, safety

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4
Q

What are the 6 systems on a rig?

A

power, hoisting, circulating, rotating, well monitoring and well control

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5
Q

what is ROP and how is it calculated?

A

ROP is rate of penetration and it is equal to depth over time.

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6
Q

what are advantages of under balanced drilling?

A

improved ROP, hole cleaning, and more environmentally friendly

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7
Q

what is the annulus

A

space between the casing and the hole

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8
Q

know how to calculate hydrostatic pressure and the buoyancy factor using both units

A

im not typing all that shit

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9
Q

what is the most popular method for dealing with a kick/blowout?

A

drillers method (mixing kill weight mud and pumping it downhole)

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10
Q

what are the main functions of the circulating system?

A

remove cuttings and transmit hydraulic horsepower to the bit

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11
Q

different components of the circulating system?

A

mud return line, shale shaker, mud pit, mud pump (duplex/triplex), stand pipe

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12
Q

main components of the rotating system

A

swivel, kelly, rotary drive, turn table, drive bushing, rotary hose, drill string

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13
Q

what are the 3 types of mud

A

water based, oil based and synthetic based/polymer

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14
Q

3 types of clay?

A

kaolinite, bentonite, illite

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15
Q

name 4 of the 8 physical properties of mud

A

mud weight, viscosity, yield point/plastic viscosity/gel strength, mud cake, pH, solid to sand content, chloride content, turbidity test

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16
Q

what are hole problems?

A

lost circulation, blowout, cave in, stuck pipe

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17
Q

what are lost circulation materials(LCM)?

A

wood fibre, mica, xanthan gum, dust, CMC, lignite

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18
Q

how is plastic viscosity calculated?

A

PV=Θ600-θ300

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19
Q

what are the parameters of the Bingham Plastic model?

A

PV and Yield Point

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20
Q

What are the 3 models for classifying mud?

A

bingham plastic (PV+YP), power law (K+N), hershel buckley

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21
Q

what are the 3 main functions of mud?

A

carry cuttings, suspend cuttings, remove cuttings

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22
Q

what is yield point?

A

resistance to initial flow

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23
Q

what are the governing factors for mud selection?

A
  1. Formations
  2. Temperature, pressures and permeability expected
  3. Quality of water
  4. Ecological and environmental factors
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24
Q

how do you fix lost circulation

A

reduce mud weight, swab well, LCM pills and additives

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25
Q

what are stuck pipe problems?

A

solid settling, differential sticking, key seating, drill string failure

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26
Q

how do you clean a hole

A

drilling hydraulics and physical properties of mud

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27
Q

what do JARS do?

A

they are a release device on the drill string used to free stuck pipe

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28
Q

what country makes the best casing?

A

Argentina

29
Q

what does mud all provide energy to?

A

mud motor, MWD and packers

30
Q

what are catalysts used for?

A

reducing viscosity

31
Q

why is invert mud advantageous?

A

it is easier to maintain than water based or polymer mud

32
Q

what are the 4 main solid control equipment and what percentages of solids does each remove?

A

shale shaker (22-27%), centrifugal pump (25%), desander and desilter (10-13%)

33
Q

what is the highest amount of solids that can be removed from mud?

A

73-81%

34
Q

what is gel strength?

A

muds ability to hold a gel structure

35
Q

what are the 2 types of bits

A

tricone (mill bits/insert bits) and PDC

36
Q

what are the 3 main bit selection criteria?

A

economics, geological prognosis, and bit dull grading

37
Q

what do the 3 digits of the IADC bit classification stand for?

A

1 (bit type)-2 (formation type)-3 (bearing type/bearing protection)

38
Q

what does IADC stand for?

A

international association of drilling contractors

39
Q

name 4 of 7 drilling parameters

A

ROP, MWT, HP, pump pressure, torque, WOB and flow rate

40
Q

what are the bit cutting mechanisms?

A

roller cone (crushing), PDC (shearing), diamond (grinding)

41
Q

what is setback capacity?

A

total drill string weight + casing weight

42
Q

using IADC classification how can you tell what type of bit it is based on the 1st number

A

steel tooth (1,2,3) insert bit (4,5,6,7)

43
Q

what bits are best for very hard formations?

A

tungsten carbide insert bits

44
Q

what are PDC bits best for?

A

soft to medium hard formations

45
Q

know bit grading abbreivations

A

BT (broken teeth), WT (worn teeth), TR (tracking), OC (off centre wear), LT (lost teeth), TW (twist off), LC (lost cone), ER (erosion), CR (cored)

46
Q

what are the 2 most important bit parameters?

A

RPM and WOB

47
Q

what is the phenomenon when the bit and pipe spin in opposite directions

A

bit whirl

48
Q

what are the 3 types of bearings?

A

sealed, non sealed and journaled

49
Q

what are components of the BHA

A

bit, bit sub, drill collars, HWDP, JARS, downhole motor, MWD/LWD, shock sub, reamer, DP, RSS

50
Q

what are 3 types of packed BHA (know diagrams of each)

A

hold, build and drop

51
Q

what are the 2 types of BHA’s

A

slick and packed

52
Q

how many collars are usually in the BHA?

A

6

53
Q

what is the BHA?

A

the tools between the pipe and the bit

54
Q

what are functions of the drill string?

A

import rotary motion on the bit, provide a fluid conduit from the rig to the bit, allow weight to set on the bit and lower and raise the bit

55
Q

what are the main functions of the drill collars?

A

load the bit, prevent dog legs/key seats, improve bit performance, minimize hole problems, vibrations, and pressure differential sticking, and produce a smooth bore full size hole

56
Q

what are the 3 causes for drill string failure?

A

fatigue, washout and twistoff

57
Q

what parameter is used to increase ROP when using roller cone bits

A

WOB

58
Q

what are the 3 sizes of rigs?

A

single double triple

59
Q

how is weight applied to the drill bit?

A

increased collar weight

60
Q

when power is made on a rig what operations is it distributed to?

A

hoisting rotary and circulation

61
Q

why is rotary drilling most popular?

A

safer, more efficient and powerful, and capable of drilling deeper

62
Q

what 2 types of power are created on a rig?

A

mechanical and electrical

63
Q

based on IADC what indicates a bit is PDC?

A

X123 (when there is a letter first)

64
Q

what parameter must you increase to reduce whirl?

A

WOB

65
Q

What are the parameters for the cost equation?

A

bit cost + rig cost(trip time + connection time + rotating time) /depth out - depth in

66
Q

if a non sealed bearing is graded as an 8, what does that indicate?

A

all life was used for that bearing (won’t turn)

67
Q

on a tricone bit, what cone is the gauge cone?

A

the cone with a point at the end

68
Q

name an advantage on a top drive over a kelly rig

A

a top drive can pick up one stand of pipe at a time whereas a kelly can only pick up one joint at a time

Drilling Year 1 (5 decks)

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