Midterm Review Flashcards

1
Q

Exercise effect on pharmacokinetics absorption

A
  • Oral: likely minor clinical significance
  • IM, SQ, transdermal: may be increased, can be clinically significant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

INTRO - Timing of drug administration and effect of exercise, Volume of distribution, Beta blocker and epinephrine mechanisms

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Exercise effect on pharmacokinetics distribution

A
  • Variable and depends on many factors: patient and drug
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define volume of distribution

A
  • The volume of distribution (Vd) is a pharmacokinetic parameter representing an individual drug’s propensity to either remain in the plasma or redistribute to other tissue compartments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

MOA of beta blockers

A
  • Block beta1 receptors inhibiting increases in HR, contractility, and AV node conduction
  • Is a beta1 receptor antagonist
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MOA of epinephrine

A
  • Beta1 receptor agonist
  • Increase HR, contractility, and AV node conduction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Endocrine - Thyroid and Parathyroid hormone
Gluconeogenesis vs glycogenesis
Mineralocorticoids vs glucocorticoids
Effect of cortisol on glucose

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe thyroid hormone/disease

A
  • Hypothalamus produces thyroid releasing hormone & goes to the pituitary gland
  • Pituitary gland produces thyroid stimulating hormone & goes to the thyroid gland
  • Thyroid gland produces T4 (preferred) and T3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe gluconeogenesis

A
  • The pathway by which glucose is formed form non-hexose precursors such as glycerol, lactate, pyruvate, & glycogenic amino acids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe glycogenolysis

A
  • The biochemical pathway in which glycogen breaks down into glucose-1-phosphate and glucose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 2 types of corticosteroids

A
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Mineralocorticoids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe glucocorticoids

A
  • Gluco -> sugar, carbohydrates
  • Affect intermediate carbohydrate metabolism
  • Maximal release b/w 4-8am
  • Stress -> 10 fold increase
  • Cortisol (hydrocortisone) is a major one
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe mienralocorticoids

A
  • Mineral -> minerals in water; sodium & potassium
  • Affect the water & electrolyte composition in the body
  • Example: Aldosterone
  • Increase sodium & water retention -> increased blood volume -> increased BP (HTN)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Effects of cortisol on glucose

A
  • Increased visceral obesity
  • Increase low grade inflammation
  • Increase leptin
  • Increase protein catabolism
  • Increase glycogenolysis
  • Increase insulin resistance
  • Decrease adiponectin
  • Decrease insulin sensitivity
  • Decrease lipolysis
  • Decrease glycogenosyntesis
  • Decrease incretin secretion
  • Decrease muscular mass
  • Decrease glucose uptake
  • Decrease glycogen synthesis
  • Decrease new protein synthesis
  • Decrease osteocalcin
  • Decrease beta cell function
  • Decrease incretin effects on beta cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Effects of cortisol

A
  • Increase in blood sugar
  • Heightened memory & attention
  • Increase in BP
  • Suppresses the immune system
  • Decrease sensitivity to pain
  • Decrease serotonin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pain part 1 - NSAID effects on prostaglandins

A
17
Q

Pain part 2 - Antispasmodic vs Antispastic

A
18
Q

slide 19

A