Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > midterm prep > Flashcards

midterm prep Flashcards

1
Q

perxisomes

A 
structure - membranous sacs of catalase and oxidose enzymes 
function - detoxify number of toxic substances - CATALASE breaks down HYDROGEN PEROXIDE  (liver of the cell )
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

golgi apparatus

A 
structure - a stack of flattened membranes and vesicles 
function - packages, modifies and segregates for protein secretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A 
structure - membranous system of tubules, free of ribosomes 
function - site of lipid and steroid synthesis, lipid metabolism and drug detoxification
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Rough Endoplasmic reticulum

A 
structure - membranous system enclosing cavity externally studded to ribosomes 
function - sugar groups are attached to proteins, synthesize phospholipids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ribosomes

A 
structure - dense particles made of RNA and protein fee or attached to Endoplasmic Reticulum 
function –
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

fibroblasts

A

make up fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

dendritic cells

A

found in the skin
aid in immunity
kill bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

anatomy is

A

the study of the structure of the human body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the cavities of the body

A

dorsal and ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the subdivisions of the ventral body cavity

A

thoracic = mediastum (in-between the heart and lungs)
pleural (lungs)
pericardial (heart)
Abdominal pelvic = abdominal and pelvic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the membranes in the ventral cavity

A

p.v.v.p - parietal - is the outside covering where visceral is the part that lines the organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

tissue

A

a collection of cells working together for a common function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

types of tissues

A

epithelial
connective
muscular
nervous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

GC of Epithelial tissue

A 
ET and Peter Really Likes Candy 
Polarity - differences in surfaces 
Regeneration - cells are constantly replacing due to continuous loss 
Lacks blood vessels 
cells are Close fitting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the 5 functions of epithelial tissue

A 
protection 
excretion 
secretion 
absorption 
filtration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

simple squamous epithelium (sse)

A

function - absorption
diffusion
location - lungs (alveoli) used in diffusion
appearance - single layer
squished nucleus
“fried egg”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium

A 
function -        secretion 
                        absorption 
location -        kidney tubules
                        found in glands 
appearance - single layer
                        square cell
                        round nucleus in the middle of the cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

simple columnar epithelium

A

function - secretion
absorption
location - digestive tract - due to microvilli
appearance - has goblet cells
tall long cells
nucleus 1/3 of the cell
oval, bottom nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

stratified squamous epithelium

A

function - protection
location - epidermis
appearance - multiple layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

pseudo stratified epithelium

A

function - secretion
protection
location - trachea
appearance - has cilia
goblet cells present
all cells attached to basement membrane
not all cells reach the free surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

transitional epithelium

A

function - able to expand
location - bladder
appearance - cells go from small to big

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

GC for connective tissue

A 
Chris Tucker Blows Every Mans Member 
CT BEMM
Blood vessels (many to few)
ECM - where Everything sits 
Mesenchyme - all derived from 
Many different cells (fibroblast, chrondroblasts)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

5 Functions of connective tissues

A 
protection 
insulation 
transport 
bind/support 
storing energy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Areolar - L. Connective

A 
GC -    lots of fibres 
           gel like matrix 
           airy - lots of space
FN-     good at holding fluid/ions
           wraps and cushions organs
           plays a role in inflammation 
LOC - 1st layer of the dermis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Reticular - L. Connective

A 
GC -   web like 
           think spider web
           strong 
           made of reticular cells 
           network of fibers 
FN-     soft skeleton
           base for WBC's 
LOC - spleen
           lymph nodes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Adipose - L. Connective

A 
GC -  nucleus squished 
          closely packed 
          side nucleus 
          blood supply
FN-    energy storage 
           insulation 
           protects 
LOC - under dermis 
           mammary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Regular - D. Connective

A

GC - parallel fibers (collagen)
lots of fibers - fibroblasts
FN- tensile strength in one direction
LOC - tendons and ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Irregular - D. Connective

A

GC - scattered fibers
lots of fibers - fibroblasts
FN- strong in all directions
LOC - skin

29
Q

Elastic - D. Connective

A 
GC -    lots of elastic fibers 
FN-     stretch 
           recoil 
LOC - arteries - heart
           lungs
30
Q

Elastic cartilage

A 
GC -    lots of elastic fibers
           any direction 
           chrondroblast - produce matrix 
FN-     maintains shapes 
           allows flexibility
LOC - ear
31
Q

hyaline cartilage

A 
GC -  lucane present 
          firm matrix  
         chrondrocyte in a group 
FN-    supports + reinforces  
         cushions because it can compress 
LOC - end bones + ribs
32
Q

fibro cartilage

A

GC - fibres run in one direction
similar to hyaline but softer
nucleus run in a line
FN- tensile strength allows us to absorb shock
LOC - in between discs in the spine

33
Q

membranes

A

mucus - epithelial
cutaneous - epithelial
serous - epithelial
synovial - connective tissue - joints

34
Q

serous membranes

A

do not open to outside
2 layers
parietal, visceral - pvvp

35
Q

mucus membranes

A

make mucus
open to outdoors
respiratory, reproductive, urinary, digestive
always secreting

36
Q

cutaneous membranes

A 
skin - epithelial 
PISSST 
protection 
insulates 
secretes 
sensory 
synthesis vitamin D
temp regulation
37
Q

glands

A 
endocrine - no ducts 
                    goes to blood 
                    horomones 
exocrine -   ducts 
                    goes to a specific site
38
Q

regions of the skeleton

A

axial - skull, spine, ribs - head, neck trunk

appendicular - appendages and girtles

39
Q

7 bone functions

A
  1. movement
  2. protection
  3. bone marrow production
  4. support
  5. horomone production
  6. fat storage
  7. stores ions, minerals
40
Q

define a joint

A

where 2 or more bones connect

41
Q

movements of joints

A

diathroses - freely moving
syntharoses - immoveable
ampiarthroses - semi moveable

42
Q

diathroses

A

freely moving

43
Q

syntharoses

A

immoveable

44
Q

ampiarthroses

A

semi moveable

45
Q

fibrous joints

A 
make up dense or irregular connective tissue 
lots of collagen 
rare 
lack a joint cavity 
bones held together closely 
synthraroses - immovable 
skull sutures
46
Q

cartilaginous

A

collagen fibres
made of fibre or hyaline cartilage
rare
no joint cavity
syntharoses (slighty), ampiarthroses (immovable)
examples - synehondres - bones united by hyaline
symphyses - bones united by fibro cartilage
vertebrae
pubic symphyses

47
Q

bone markings

A

projections or sites of muscle and ligament attachment

48
Q

tuberosity

A

large rounded projection

may be roughened

49
Q

crest

A

narrow ridge of bone

usually prominent

50
Q

tubercle

A

small rounded projection

or process

51
Q

trochanter

A

very large
blunt
irregullary shaped process
only in the femur

52
Q

spine

A

sharp slender

often pointed projection

53
Q

process

A

any bony prominence

54
Q

head

A

projections that help form joints

bony expansions carried on a narrow neck

55
Q

condyle

A

rounded article projections

for passage of blood vessels and nerves

56
Q

sinus

A

cavity within a blood vessel

filled with air and lined with mucus membranes

57
Q

meatus

A

canal like passageway

58
Q

foreman

A

rounded or oval opening through a bone

59
Q

sites of ligament attachment

A 
spine 
crest 
tubercle 
tuberosity 
trochanter
60
Q

epicondyle

A

the side projections of the condyle

61
Q

projections that help form joints

A

head

condyle

62
Q

for passage of blood vessels and nerves

A

foreman
meatus
sinus

63
Q

spongy bones

A

many holes
trebucullae - bars
highly vascular
contains bone marrow

64
Q

compact bone

A

lamellae (layers)
osteons (group of lamellae)
hessian canals - run parallel
Volkmann canals - run perpendicular

65
Q

inorganic matrix

A

makes bones hard
made up of CaPO4 (calcium phosphate)
and hydroxyapatite

66
Q

in children when hyaline cartilage turns to bone it

A

ossifies

67
Q

Lysomoes

A 
structure - membranous sac containing acid hydrolases
function - sites of intracellular digestion
68
Q

cytoplasm

A 
structure - region between the nuclear and plasma membranes
function - consists of fluid containing dissolved solutes
69
Q

mitochondria

A 
structure - rodlike, double membrane structures
function - site of ATP synthesis - power house of the cell

Anatomy (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions