Midterm prep

Question 1

What are the 8 characteristics of life?

Answer 1

All living things detect changes in their environment and respond to them.
All living things grow and develop
All living things are capable of reproduction, the process by which living things give rise to offspring
All living things are able to maintain a constant internal environment through homeostasis
All living things have complex chemistry
All forms of life are built of cells. A cell is the basic unit of the structure and function of living things
All living things use and obtain energy
All living things adapt to their environment

Question 2

Put in increasing order of complexity

Answer 2

Atoms/Elements
Molecules
Organelles
Cells
tissues
Organs
organ system
Organisms
Population
Community
Ecosystem/Biome
Biosphere

Question 3

Monomer of proteins

Answer 3

Amino Acids

Question 4

Monomer of Lipids

Answer 4

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 5

Monomer of Carbohydrates

Answer 5

Monosaccharides

Question 6

Monomer of Nucleic Acids

Answer 6

Nucleotides

Question 7

What’s the function of the digestive system

Answer 7

The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste. Here’s a quick breakdown of its main functions

Question 8

What is rage pathway for food during digestion?

Answer 8

mouth to esophagus to stomach to small intestine to liver and pancreas to large intestine to rectum and anus

Question 9

What is the function of enzymes

Answer 9

To speed up chemical reactions

Question 10

What does it mean when an enzyme is DENATURED? What sorts of things can denature enzymes?

Answer 10

its three dimensional structure is altered, causing it to lose its function

Question 11

What is the role of the cell membrane and cell wall? How do they function

Answer 11

The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, providing protection and communication, while the cell wall provides structural support, rigidity, and protection, maintaining the cell’s shape and preventing excessive water intake.

Question 12

How does diffusion help maintain homeostasis

Answer 12

allowing cells to exchange essential substances (like oxygen and nutrients) and waste (like carbon dioxide) without energy, ensuring a stable internal environment for proper cellular function.

Question 13

What is the difference between passive and active transport

Answer 13

passive transport doesn’t use energy, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.