Midterm Practice Questions Flashcards
The principle of vitalism is the idea that
living things have a special life force that makes them different from non-living things
What are isotopes not used for
changing the chemical properties of an atom
What did the Miller-Urey experiment show?
molecules found in cells can be created from simpler molecules
Fats found in plants can be chemically treated to add more hydrogen. What happens to the fats?
They become more solid since they can pack more tightly
What characteristic does a carboxyl side chain have
its acidic
What is true about polypeptides
the derive their primary structure from information originally found in DNA
What are hydrogen bonds to important for
making gasoline a liquid
According to the modern version of the Cell Theory, all cells:
are composed of similar molecules
In the Miller-Urey experiment, what type of molecules were unable to form
nucleotides - need phosphate group - P
Why won’t a fatty acid dissolve in water
most bonds between the atoms involved equal sharing of electrons
What is true in the linear from of every monosaccharide
every carbon atom is covalently bounded to one oxygen atom
What does every enzyme correspond to
a part of a chromosome
What function is not carried by proteins in cells
carrying information from genes to cytosol
What structures of pepsin are affected outside optimal temperature conditions
secondary and tertiary
An amino acid with amino group is classified as
basic
What is true about transcription and translation
They can occur together in a prokaryote cell
What is the correct path of insulin synthesis in pancreatic islet cells
messenger RNA - rough ER - Golgi apparatus - vesicles
The cell theory predicts athletes the organism
consists of cells as seen under a microscope
Where do lipids come from in living organisms
taken from other living things, made from other molecules by enzymes
What molecules are hydrophilic at one end and hydrophobic at the other
fatty acids and cholesterol
What functional groups does cysteine have
sulfhydryl
When comparing a person with cystic fibrosis to a healthy person without the disease:
a CF patient makes a form of the CFTR protein that is slightly shorter than normal
What is the function of the LDL receptor
help reduce cholesterol levels in the blood
How do cells keep K+ concentration higher on the inside of the cell
a carrier protein
The hormone insulin is a
gene product
A solution of pH 8 has __ many H ions as a solution of pH 10
100 - increase by 2, 10^2 = 100
according to modern cell theory, cells convert
energy between different forms
What is not an example of molecule produced by a gene
hormone estradiol
What would reduce membrane fluidity at high temp
increasing cholesterol inside membrane
What is the central dogma of molecular biology
RNA undergoes translation to produce protein
What did the Frye-Edidin experiment show
proteins can move within the plane of the cell membrane
