Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PCM & PAV > MIDTERM PCM > Flashcards

MIDTERM PCM Flashcards

1
Q

biggest organ of the body

A

skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

it is strong in the skin during the first decade of human life but decreases function as people age

A

collagen and elastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

open sore on the skin or a mucous membrane caused by poor blood flow, accompanied by the disintegration of tissue

A

skin ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

this can result in complete loss of epidermis and often portions of the dermis and even subcutaneous far

A

skin ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

skin ulcer is most common on what area

A

lower extremities and GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

aside from poor blood circulation, skin ulcer is visible in the event of what

A

exposure to heat or cold, and irritation, lack of mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

because of this disease, we have high sugar level so it prolongs the healing process

A

diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

other causes producing skin ulcers include? (4)

A

bacterial or viral infections
fungal infections
cancers
blood disorders & chronic wounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

acute ulcers heal within how many weeks

A

12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

different types of skin ulcer

A

venous skin ulcer
arterial skin ulcer
neuropathic skin ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

it is a skin ulcer that is caused by poor blood circulation in leg vein

A

venous skin ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

it is a skin ulcer that is caused by blockage of blood in arteries

A

arterial skin ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

it is a skin ulcer caused by a nerve damage and narrow artery

A

neuropathic skin ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

this ulcer usually include increasing pain, friable granulation tissue, foul odor, and wound breakdown instead of healing

A

chronic ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

this ulcer may appear on the lower leg, above the calf or on the lower ankle usually cause achy and swollen legs

A

venous skin ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what grade of skin ulcer is preulcerative lesion or healed ulcer

A

grade 0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what grade of skin ulcer is superficial ulcer

A

grade 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what grade of skin ulcer is ulcer deeper to subcutaneous tissues exposing soft tissue or bone

A

grade 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what grade of skin ulcer is abscess formation underneath, osteomyelitis

A

grade 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what grade of skin ulcer is gangrene (lack of oxygen rich blood causes tissue to die) of part tissues, limb or foot

A

grade 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

treatments for skin ulcer

A
  1. topical antibiotics
  2. surgical debridement
  3. changing diet
  4. improving circulation
  5. exercise, stop smoking, lose weight
  6. use of compression stockings
  7. sugar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the use of this clothe is to prevent blood pooling and back flow

A

compression stockings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

this ingredient was found clinically that pouring it on a necrotic wound can help deep wounds to heal faster last 2013 in Murandu

A

sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

a pressure sore or bed sore

A

decubitus ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

this forms when body’s weight is pressed on a firm surface, common to patients who are prolonged in bed

A

decubitus ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

decubitus came from the latin word _____ meaning ____

A

decumbere, “to lie down”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

common denominator of all such ulcerations

A

pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

most common places for a pressure sore to appear

A

hips, back, angle, buttocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

stage of decubitus ulcer that has discoloration of skin but not broken

A

stage 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

stage of decubitus ulcer that skin breaks open and ulcer is shallow with reddish or pinkish wound due to dead tissue (blister)

A

stage 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

stage of decubitus ulcer that is deeper affecting fat layer looking like a crater

A

stage 3

32
Q

stage of decubitus ulcer that deepness reaches the bone and muscles

A

stage 4

33
Q

stage of decubitus ulcer with yellow or green in color (scabbing)

A

unstageable

34
Q

signs and symptoms of decubitus ulcer

A

discoloration of skin
areas of open skin
infection and signs of hot or red skin
pain in the pressure area
skin that won’t lighten when touched
skin areas that are of different texture

35
Q

diagnosis of decubitus ulcer

A

size of decubitus ulcer & depth of crater
affected tissue (skin, bone or muscle)
color of the ulcer and skin around it
tissue death caused by ulcer
presence of infection, bleeding or odor

36
Q

treatment for decubitus ulcer

A

cleaning and putting dressing on the wound
wound care w/ frequent dressing changes
reducing pressure & using supporting surfaces
antibacterial drugs
pain medications
debridement surgery to remove dead tissue
diet changes & increased fluid intake

37
Q

prevention of decubitus ulcer

A

changing positions every 2 hrs
use of supporting items like pillow or foam
keep skin clean & dry, applying lotions
well-balance, nutritious meals & 8-10 glasses of water
daily range-of-motion exercising
cleaning carefully after urination/bowel movement

38
Q

supportive devices to help keep an injured bone in place while it heals; it helps prevent muscle contraction and help affected area to be immobilized after surgery to reduce pain

A

cast

39
Q

type of casts (4)

A

plaster cast
synthetic cast
cast brace
splint

40
Q

it molds very smoothly to the body contour and is less expensive and easier to mold, however, it cannot be wet and takes a long time to harden which makes it heavy

A

plaster cast

41
Q

it is commonly used today and is faster to harden; it also allows radtechs to perform imaging without removal of cast

A

synthetic cast

42
Q

synthetic cast is lighter and waterproof outer layer. what is it made of

A

fiberglass

43
Q

it is made of hard plastic and is intended for tendons and ligaments, its soft pads push against the injury

A

cast brace

44
Q

cast brace is held in place with this strips that can be removed

A

velcro strips

45
Q

this may be used right after the injury occurs or toward the end of healing, after another cast has been removed

A

cast brace

46
Q

splint is also called?

A

half cast

47
Q

it is made from slabs of plaster or fiberglass that hold the injury still

A

splint

48
Q

complications of cast

A

neurovascular problems/compartment syndrome
pressure ulcers/sores
immobility/diuse syndrome

49
Q

painful condition wherein pressure in muscles built into dangerous levels that can decrease blood flow and decrease oxygen level

A

neurovascular problems

50
Q

a complication of cast that is medical emergency cause by severe injury that can lead to permanent damage

A

acute neurovascular problems

51
Q

a complication of cast that is not a medical emergency caused by athletic exertion

A

chronic neurovascular problems

52
Q

neurovascular problems are also called

A

compartment syndrome

53
Q

it is a severe initial pain over bony prominences, foul odor, purulent drainage and presence of “hot spots”

A

pressure ulcers/sores

54
Q

it results to multi-system problems and will make body parts hard to move when casted for a long time

A

immobility/diuse syndrome

55
Q

it refers to the way we move our body and is fundamental to patient care

A

body mechanics

56
Q

ABC of body mechanics

A

alignment
balance
coordination

57
Q

it is when the body is held in proper alignment, holding the body in proper alignment prevents strain on joints and muscles

A

alignment

58
Q

it is the stability produced by even distribution of weight

A

balance

59
Q

involves using the weight of your body to help with movement

A

coordination

60
Q

methods of transferring

A

gurney
wheelchair
ambulation

61
Q

it is defined as moving a patient from one flat surface to another

A

transfer

62
Q

a wheeled stretcher used for transporting hospital patients

A

gurney

63
Q

a simple litter designed to carry a sick, injured or dead person

A

stretcher

64
Q

chair with wheels, used when walking is difficult or impossible due to illness, injury, or disability

A

wheelchair

65
Q

is the ability to walk without the need for any kind of assistance and is most often used when describing the goals of a paient after a surgery or pt

A

ambulation

66
Q

types of hospital transfers

A

bed to stretcher
bed to wheelchair
wheelchair to chair
wheelchair to toilet and vice cersa

67
Q

patient cannot move or control the paralyzed muscle at all and may not be able to feel anything in those muscles

A

complete or total paralysis

68
Q

patient still have some feeling in, and possibly control over the paralyzed muscles

A

partial or incomplete paralysis

69
Q

medical devices intended to maintain the bodily function of a patient

A

life support

70
Q

life support machines

A

heart-lung machines
medical ventilators
dialysis machine
incubators

71
Q

temporarily functions as the heart or lungs of a patient during surgery and is known as a form of extracorporeal circulation

A

heart-lung machines

72
Q

heart-lung machines is also known as

A

cardiopulmonary bypass (CB) devices

73
Q

designed to move breathable air in and out of the lungs, for patients who have difficulty breathing or who are incapable of delivering an adequate supply of oxygen throughout the body

A

medical ventilators

74
Q

state the 2 types of medical ventilators

A

hand-operated (bag valve mask)
computer

75
Q

method of removing excess solutes or toxins from the blood, used on people whose kidneys have been damaged and are incapable of performing these functions

A

dialysis machine

76
Q

it is a type of renal replacement therapy and are essential for those who have kidney damage or lost kidney functions

A

dialysis machine

77
Q

a medical apparatus used for neonatal intensive care and is designed to mimic the environmental conditions suitable for newborn babies

A

incubators

PCM & PAV (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions