Midterm module 3 analgesics Flashcards
What are adjuvant analgesics
Drugs that are added for combined therapy with a primary drug that may have additive or combined independent properties
(NSAIDs, non-opioid analgesics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, corticosteroids)
what is the classification of ASA
NSAID / Antipyretic
how is ASA available
Tablets & suppositories, enteric coated 81mg-975 mg
what are the indications of ASA
Inflammatory disorders
mild to mod pain
fever
prophylaxis of TIA & MI
what is the mechanism of action of ASA
Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, decrease platelets aggregation
what are the side effects of ASA
Nausea, Tinnitus, GI bleeding
what are the pre-post checks for ASA
Allergies, pain, under 19 should not take post viral infections
what are the teaching aspects of ASA
Give with full glass of water, food. Don’t give enteric coated with milk
What is the classification of Ibuprofen
NSAID, antipyretic
what is the availability of ibuprofen
tablets 200-400mg
what is the indication of ibuprofen
Inflammatory disorders, mild to moderate pain, fever
what are the mechanism of action of ibuprofen
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis
what are the side effects of ibuprofen
nausea, GI bleed, HR MI, stroke
what are the pre checks for ibuprofen
Hx of GI bleed, renal insufficiency
what is the teaching for ibuprofen
Give with a full glass of water, food avoid alcohol
what is the classification of acetaminophen
Non-narcotic analgesic, antipyretic
what is the availability of acetaminophen
Tablet, supp. liquid
what is the indication of acetaminophen
Treatment of mild pain & fever
what is the mechanism of action of acetaminophen
inhibiting enzymes necessary for prostaglandin synthesis
what is the onset of acetaminophen
Rapid.
peak = 0.5-2 hr duration is 3-4 hours
what are the side effects of acetaminophen
hepatoxicity
whats the max amount of acetaminphen a day
4g
what is the classification of gabapentin
Analgesic adjuncts, anticonvulsants
what are the indications for gabapentin
Neuropathic pain, migranes, anxiety & diabetic neuropathy
what are the side effects of gabapentin
Increased risk of suicidal thoughts & behaviours, confusion, drowsiness
what organ should you be concerned about with gabapentin
renal
what is the teaching for gabapentin
May cause dizziness & drowsiness - do not take within 2 hours of antacid. suicidal thoughts
what is amitriptyline class
antidepressant with unlabelled uses for anxiety & chronic pain
what is the mechanism of action for amitriptyline
Potentiates the effect of serotonin & NE in the CNS
what are the side effects of amitriptyline
May increase risk of suicide attempt/ideation, ssedation, leathery, hypotension, constitpation
what are the pre checks for amitriptyline
BP & Pulse & renal insufficiency
what is the teaching for amitriptyline
may cause dizziness, blurred vision, monitor suicide
what are the high efficacy vs low efficacy narcotics
hi efficacy - Morphine sulfate -Fentanyl -Methadone -Dilaudide moderate efficacy -codeine
what is the classification of morphine
Opioid analgesic
what is the mechanism of action of morphine
binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of & response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression.
what is the onset for morphine
Rapid. peak = 60 minutes. Durations - up to 7 hours
what are the side effects of morphine
respiratory depression & consitpation
pre checks for morphine
RR, BP
what is the mechanism of methadone
binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of & response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression.
what is the indication of methadone
Moderate to severe chronic pain in opioid-tolerant patients requiring 24/7 opioid tx
basics of equianalgesic opiod conversion for chronic pain
-Po is always more than parenteral (around double)
