Midterm - Mod 3 and Mod 4 Flashcards
what are the 5 phases of the community health nursing process
1) Community assessment
2) Community diagnosis
3) Planning
4) Implementation
5) Evaluation
What is the point of the Community Health Assessment
o Identify – risks/concerns
o Act – on problem
o Improve – Health/quality of life
what are the 4 types of community assessments with brief explanation?
- Environmental scan, needs assessment, problem investigation, resource evaluation*
1) Environmental scan: Windshield survey – simply driving around assessing entire community for risk potential
2) Needs assessment: community’s needs or deficits, not on its unrealistic wants or desires.
3) Problem Investigation: conducted in response to a problem or concern.
a) investigate the nature of needs, b) determine if the expressed needs represent the opinions of the community, c) determine whether the community is willing and has the resources to take action for change
4) Resource Evaluation: involves the assessment and evaluation of existing community resources and services
Describe process of decision making
- Step 1: focus on evaluation
- Select methods
- Develop tools
- Gather and analyze data
- Make decision
Community assessment begins with..
PISO Population Intervention Setting Outcome
How do you create and environment that promotes health
- Addressing determinants of health (environment, social, behavioral genetics)
- Improving access to and quality of care
- Promoting healthy environment
Health Promotion vs Disease prevention:
Focuses and types of efforts
Health promotion: Enables people to take control
o Focus on individual behaviors
o Non-clinical efforts - Raise awareness (Health fairs, Wellness programs/clinics)
Disease prevention: Focus on specific efforts (Manage health, Eliminate disease)
o Clinical efforts - Vaccinations, Screenings
AND 3 levels of prevention
Describe levels of disease prevention
Primary • Eliminates agent • Increases resistance Secondary • Early detection • Treatment • Prevent progression Tertiary • Reduce damage
discuss primary health promotion
- The impact of specific risk factors is lessened, which leads to reduction of occurrence or incidence of disease.
- May entail both personal and communal efforts such as decreasing environmental risks, enhancing nutritional status, immunizing against communicable diseases or improving water supplies.
What are upstream approaches?
often prevention and promotion strategies focused on policy interventions that benefit the whole population, or PHC interventions that focus on people’s well-being by addressing and taking action on the root causes of preventable diseases and injuries.
What is Primary health care (PHC)?
Essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination.
Define Primary care
primary care is a narrow concept that refers to a person-centred comprehensive approach (often biomedical) to care delivery at the point of entry into the healthcare system
Define Health promotion
The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health
Define Population Health
is an approach used to understand and improve the health of an entire population or subpopulations, such as children, elderly, or newcomers to Canada.
o Linked to health promotion that is not focus on individual people, a population health approach identifies and takes action to improve the root causes of health issues that impact the health of the overall population
identify social determinants of health
Income & social status Social environments
Work & Working Conditions Education
Social Support Networks Genetic Endowment
Personal coping skills Health Services
Health Child Development Culture
Physical Environments Gender
