Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pediatrics > MidTerm Material > Flashcards

MidTerm Material Flashcards

1
Q

Lag warning signs @ 6m

–General:

A
  • -no smiling
  • -jerky/spastic movements
  • -does not recognize parents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lag warning signs @ 6m

–Hearing & speech

A
  • -failure to turn toward sound

- -does not laugh, squeal, or vocalize sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lag warning signs @ 6m

–Vision

A

–failure to fix or follower & far objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lag warning signs @ 6m

–Arms:

A
  • -failure to keep head steady when pulled to sitting position
  • -persistent fisting
  • -failure to push up or roll over
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

normal child developments

3/4/6/9/11/12m

A 
3 = hold head up
4 = roll over
6 = sits up w/ help & grabs things
9 = ~crawl/ sits
11 = stands & throws ball
12 = walk/crawl freely
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

history taking tips

A
  • -open ended Q’s
  • -connect w. parents & child
  • -periodically summarize info
  • -ask “is there anything else I should know”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ill infant

A
  • -fever, vitals, rash? and SEARCH signs, mental status abnormalities
  • -growth normal?? *anterior frontanelle
  • -BM 1/2 to 3-6/day, urine 6-8 wet dipers/day, feeding 2-4 hours
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

caput succedaneum =

A
  • -diffuse swelling of soft tissues
  • -extends across suture lines
  • -disappears w/in first few days of life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cephalohematoma-subperiosteal hemorrhage

A
  • -never crosses suture lines
  • -visible swelling
  • -may not be visible for a few hours
  • -disappears in ~6wks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

languo =

A

fine body hair on shoulders, forehead, and back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

milia-

A

small white papules on nose, cheeks, and chin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

erythema toxic =

A

macular eruption common in light skin newborns

– ~1 wk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

stork’s bite-birthmark

A

upper eyelids, forehead, nape of neck.

–disappear by 1 year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

mongolian spots

A
  • -dark blue
  • -lower back/butt
  • -MC = darker complexioned infants of all races
  • -disappear w/in first 4 years
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

primitive reflexes

A
  • -grasp
  • -magnet
  • -rooting
  • -sucking
  • -babinski
  • -galant
  • -moro
  • -fencer
  • -placing
  • -stepping
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

grasp

-primitive reflexes

A
  • -finger in infant’s palm = they grab it.
  • -grabs stronger as finger is pulled upward.
  • -disappears by 2-4m
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Magnet

-primitive reflexes

A

–placing a finger just proximal to the toes on the sole of the foot
(btw ball of foot & toes)
–causes toes to flex around the finger
–disappears by 2-3m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Rooting [awake]

-primitive reflexes

A

touch corner of infant’s mouth = lower lip drops ipsilaterally & tongue moves towards stimulus.
–disappears by 3-4m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sucking

-primitive reflexes

A

placing something in the mouth = baby sucks

20
Q

babinski

-primitive reflexes

A

–firm stroke from heel toward the toes
= great toe to flex up & other toes fan out
NORMAL in kid <18m
…past = pyramidal tract lesion

21
Q

Galant

-primitive reflexes

A
  • -stroking the infant’s paravertebral skin causes lateral flexion of the trunk toward the ipsilateral side
  • -disappears 2-3m
22
Q

Moro

-primitive reflexes

A

–allowing the infant’s head to drop back suddenly causes abduction and upward movement of arms, followed by adduction & flexion
–disappears <4m
…maybe brain damage or brachial plexus

23
Q

Fencer

-primitive reflexes

A

(asymmetric tonic neck)

  • -supine
  • -rotate head to one side causes ipsilateral ext of the extremities & contra flex of the extremities
  • -Disappears by 3-4m
24
Q

Placing

-primitive reflexes

A

–stroking the anterior tibia or dorm of the foot against a table causes the infant to raise the leg as if to step onto the table

25
Q

denver development chart =

A
  • -gross motor
  • -fine motor
  • -personal-social
  • -language
26
Q

growth chart =

A
  • -height
  • -weight
  • -head circumference
27
Q

APGAR =

A
  • -appearance-color
  • -pulse-heart rate
  • -grimace-reflex irritability
  • -activity-muscle tone
  • -respiratory effort
28
Q

stepping

–primitive reflex

A

holding the infant upright & leaning slightly forward causes alternate flexion & extension of the legs which mimics walking.
–disappears by <3m

29
Q

Newborn screening tests

A
  • -PKU
  • -Sickle cell anemia
  • -congenital hypothyroidism
  • -galactosemia
  • -biotinidase deficiency
  • -congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  • -cystic fibrosis
  • -hearing loss
30
Q

PKU-babies:

A

= cannot process phenylalanine

–w.o Tx = build up of phenylalanine in blood & causes brain damage & mental retardation

31
Q

SIDS prevention

A
  • -place baby on back on firm, tight fitting mattress
  • -remove all pillows, quilts & comforters
  • -never put baby to sleep in waterbed, sofa, soft mattress, pillow…etc.
  • -if at risk: there are monitoring devices for heart & respiratory rate to use while baby sleeps
32
Q

infant colic syndrome

A

excessive, inconsolable crying episodes in a healthy infant.

  • -0-3months old
  • ->3hrs/day
  • ->3hrs/wk
  • ->3 weeks
  • -usually occurs at the same time each day.
33
Q

possible nursing advice

A
  • -keep infant in upright position during feeding
  • -burp more often
  • -nursing more often: small & frequent
  • -keep the infant in an upright position about 30 mins after feeding
34
Q

pyloric stenosis

A
  • -congenital stenosis of valve b/w ST & SI
  • -linked to poor neuromuscular control & poor breastfeeding
  • -projectile vomiting from 1st wk/m up until 5m
  • -immediate referral…surgical approach may be needed
35
Q

intussusception

A
  • -intestines are more mobile in infancy and can fold in on itself causing obstruction
  • -MC cause of bowel obstruction in <2y.o.
36
Q

dehydration

A
  • -signs: loss of skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, depression of anterior fontanelle.
  • -diarrhea-feed babies over 6m the “BRAT” diet which is bananas, rice, applesauce, toast
37
Q

doll eye relfex

A

3m

38
Q

clonus

A

<4m

39
Q

palmar grasp

A

3-4m

40
Q

blink reflex

A

3-6m

41
Q

plantar grasp

A

8-10m

42
Q

rooting [asleep]

A

7-8m

43
Q

plantar grasp

A

8-10m

44
Q

sucking

A

10-12m

45
Q

Heart Rate =

A

120-140
sleeping = 100
crying = 180

46
Q

respiration

A

30-60

47
Q

blood pressure

A

systolic = 60-80

diastolic 40-50

pediatrics (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions