Midterm (Literature) Flashcards
1st king of Uruk (T1)
Nimrod
god of earth (T1)
Enlil
has a dream about the afterlife (T1)
Enkidu
sun god (T1)
Shamash
was deceived by a serpent (T1)
Eve
god of waters (T1)
Ea
friend of Gilgamesh (T1)
Enkidu
married Xerxes the first (Ahasuerus) and became empress of Persia (T1)
Esther
gave all of the animals their names (T1)
Adam
sky god or god of the firmament (T1)
Anu
giant who was the watcher of the cedar forest (T1)
Humbaba
the goddess of love (T1)
Ishtar
built a boat after hearing information standing beside a reed fence (T1)
Utnapishtim
ferryman (T1)
Urshanabi
5th king of Uruk (T1)
Gilgamesh
goddess who created humans (T1)
Aruru
told Gilgamesh the story of the flood (T1)
Utnapishtim
Whose capital was Ninevah? (T1)
Assyrians
Whose writing system was first called cuneiform? (T1)
Sumerians
Who were called the Amorites and founded the city of Babel? (T1)
Babylonians
Whose descendants lived in Egypt after famine swept through the land and were later enslaved by the Egyptians? (T1)
Hebrews
What does Mesopotamia mean? (T1)
land between two rivers
List the three sons of Noah and his wife. (T1)
Shem, Ham & Japheth
What were the Sumerians known for doing or using first? (T1)
writing system- Cuneiform
number system based on 60 (time)
first city-states
first wheeled vehicles
What are the first five books of the Old Testament called according to the Hebrews? (T1)
the Torah
List three religions that the Jewish beliefs founded. (T1)
Judaism (Old Testament)
Islam (Quran)
Christianity (New Testament & Old Testament)
What was created on Day 1? (T1)
light,
separation of light & darkness,
day & night
What was created on Day 2? (T1)
water on earth & the firmament
water on earth & water in the sky separated
What was created on Day 3? (T1)
dry land,
separated land from water which creates seas,
plants, trees, flowers, vegetation (to breathe)
What was created on Day 4? (T1)
Sun, moon & stars (the universe),
this creates Time
What was created on Day 5? (T1)
sea creatures & air creatures
What was created on Day 6? (T1)
animals on land 1st
then man
What happens on Day 7? (T1)
Gods rests & makes it a holy day (to show man what to do: work then rest)
What two things do Gilgamesh and Enkidu kill that causes the gods to become angry and punish Enkidu? (T1)
Humbaba
the Bull of Heaven
What two things was Gilgamesh known for building in Uruk? (T1)
the outer walls
the temple
List two similar things between the Biblical flood story and the Epic of Gilgamesh flood story (not the flood, boat, or Noah person). (T1)
both brought other people on the boat with them
both brought animals on the boat
What did Shamash send to help Gilgamesh defeat Humbaba? (T1)
the 8 winds
What was the symbol between God and Noah that God would never again destroy the earth with a flood? (T1)
the rainbow
Whose kings included Darius the 1st and Artaxerxes? (T1)
Persians
What people group conquered the Mesopotamian area around 1100 BC and assimilated the culture into their own? (T1)
Assyrians
What people group assimilated the Sumerian culture into their own around 1790 BC with the reign of Hammurabi? (T1)
a
Who are Semitic people who migrated to Canaan? (T1)
Hebrews
What people group was the Epic of Gilgamesh ORIGINALLY about? (T1)
Sumerians
What people group captured Israel and then let them return to their homeland? (T1)
Persians
the priest of Apollo (T2)
Chryses
the wife of Hector (T2)
Andromache
the gods at first wanted him to go and steal Hector’s body (T2)
Hermes
original husband of Helen (T2)
Menelaus
goddess of love and beauty (T2)
Aphrodite
Hector’s son (T2)
Scamandrius
guided King Priam through the Greek ships to see Achilles (T2)
Hermes
asked Achilles to protect him (T2)
Calchus
gray eyed (T2)
Athena
had 50 sons who were killed in the war (T2)
Priam
Achilles’ prize (T2)
Briseis
the earth goddess or mother earth (T2)
Gaea
was working at her loom and did not know that her husband had been killed (T2)
Andromache
the archer god (T2)
Apollo
most beautiful woman in the world (T2)
Helen
his title is Astyanax (T2)
Scamandrius
the god or goddess who protected Hector’s body from being mutilated (T2)
Apollo
known for their defeat of Troy around 1250 BC (T2)
Mycenaeans
helped Hector run from Achilles (T2)
Apollo
invaded Greece around 1100 BC (T2)
Dorians
writer of the Iliad and The Odyssey (T2)
Homer
asked Zeus to bless his son and make his son a better man than he was (T2)
Hector
lived on the island of Crete (T2)
Minoans
white armed goddess (T2)
Hera
polis (T2)
city-state
Achilles’ best friend (T2)
Patrochlus
traded with the Greeks after 800 BC (T2)
Phoenicians
gave Achilles his spear back after he threw it at Hector and missed (T2)
Athena
also called the swift runner (T2)
Achilles
Athens and Sparta (T2)
city-states
goddess of wisdom and war (T2)
Athena
Greeks used the written signs of these people to establish their alphabet (T2)
Phoenicians
sea goddess and mother of Achilles (T2)
Thetis
turned into Deiphobus and told Hector to stop running from Achilles so that they could fight him together (T2)
Athena
the Greek commander that tried to get Achilles and Agamemnon to call a truce (T2)
Nestor
Who were the three women who spoke over Hector’s dead body? (T2)
Andromache, Helen & Hequba
Who was the breaker of horses? (T2)
Hector
How many days did Achilles give King Priam to do the funeral rituals for Hector? (T2)
eleven
List two things that were different in the Biblical flood story and the Epic of Gilgamesh flood story. (T1)
1) Utnaptishtim brought his family, extended family, and workers. Noah brought his wife, three sons, and their wives.
2) Utnaptishtim’s boat was square, but Noah’s boat was longer than it was wide.
What was the name of the festival that was held in honor of Zeus? (T2)
the Olympics
The Iliad takes place during what part of the Trojan war? (T2)
the last 2 months
How many Greek ships were sent to fight Troy? (T2)
1,000
How long did the Greek and Trojan War last? (T2)
10 years (according to legend)
What did Calculus say that the Greeks have to do to appease Apollo’s anger? (T2)
give Chryseis back
don’t take a ransom
offer a sacrifice to Apollo
What are the other three names used for the Greeks? (T2)
Achaeans
Argives
Danaans
What does the title Astyanax mean? (T2)
Lord of the city
What did Priam do when he came to see Achilles? (T2)
kissed Achilles’ hand
kneeled
long narrative poem
epic
What are the two types of epics?
folk
literary
epic that is recited or sung for entertainment and passed down orally
folk epic
epic that is written (by a specific author)
literary epic
What makes up an epic hero?
brave, strong, loyal & virtuous
has a flaw
usually a higher class person/ king/ semi-divine
proves the hero’s strength, bravery, wisdom & virtue
epic conflict
the long journey or quest a hero takes in search of something of value
a heroic quest
when the hero receives help from one of the gods
some of the gods may also work against the hero
divine intervention
___ is when the speaker/ author asks the gods (especially the ___) to help him tell the story.
Invocation of the Muse
Muse
How many Muses are there?
9
the speaker sets the poem up by allowing the reader/ listener to know the major theme of the poem
opening statement of theme
the poem starts with the action and the speaker uses flashbacks to tell of earlier incidents
In Medias Res
In Medias Res is a ___ word meaning “___”.
Latin
“in the middle of things”
the speaker uses lofty & elevated language to tell the story
serious tone
elaborate extended comparisons using “like” or “as” to help the reader understand or imagine the action
epic similies
stock descriptive words or phrases; used instead of a person’s name
epithets