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Nato > Midterm Lecture Material > Flashcards

Midterm Lecture Material Flashcards

1
Q

Lympathic

A

don’t carry blood, pickup fluids in cells that are leaked from blood, part of WBC for immunity

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2
Q

Reproductive

A

produce offspring, testis and ovaries

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3
Q

endocrine

A

pancreas, thymus, testis, and pituitary. Release hormones to regulate a process in our body

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4
Q

Integumentary

A

external body covering, protect and understand what externally happening

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5
Q

golgi apparatus

A

Post office package, modify, ship proteins to proper destination

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6
Q

lysosome

A

kills cells ingest foreign part and vessel fuses w/ lysosome

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7
Q

Rough ER

A

membranous site for protein synthesis. Makes phospholipids, membrane bound

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8
Q

mitochondria

A

production of cellular energy
*cristae (folded membrane)
electron transport, increase ATP
Maternal DNA

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9
Q

peroxisome

A

contains oxidase and catalase enzymes to neutralize free radicals

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10
Q

ribosome

A

involved in protein synthesis, not membrane bound
2 subunits
Ribosomal RNA and protein

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11
Q

nucleus

A

control center of cells and contain DNA
2 nucleus
Pores that control specific enter and exit
Nucleolus- ribosomal assembly

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12
Q

4 major tissues and their function

A

Epithelial- covers or lines (digestive tube)
CT- supports (blood-ligaments)
Muscle- movement
Nervous- control

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13
Q

Function of Str Squ-Simp Squ-Trans Epi

A

Str Squ- protection
Simp Squ- diffusion
Trans Epi- stretching

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14
Q

Name the 8 types of CT Proper

A

Loose: Areolar-Adipocyte-Reticular
Dense: Regular, Irregular, Elastic
Cartilage
Bone, Blood Tissue

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15
Q

What tissue has keratin?

A

Stratified squamous

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16
Q

Cartilage vs Bone Tissue

A

C- avascular, not innervated, chondroblasts, chondrocytes
B- vascular, innervated, ostoeblasts, osteocytes

17
Q

2 layers of the skin

A

Dermis- papillary layer, reticular layer
Epidermis-B(germinativum)-S-G-L(only thick skin)-C

18
Q

All derivatives of the skin are?

A

Hair-Nails-Glands

19
Q

4 cells found in the skin+its layer?

A

Melanocytes+Merkel(germinativum)
Langerhans(spinosum)
Keritinocytes(all layers) *superior to spinosum layer

20
Q

What layer do keratinocytes die?

A

Stratum granulosum (not enough air)

21
Q

Function of the 4 types of glands?

A

Sebaceous- oil on surface
Eccrine- true sweat
Apocrine- pheromones, information on immune system
Ceruminous- wax

22
Q

3 types of skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma B- keratinocytes *easiest to cure
Squamous cell carcinoma S- keratinocytes *easy to cure
Melanoma BG- melanocytes *most dangerous

23
Q

3 types of cartilage

A

Hyaline- *most abundant embryonic skeleton
Elastic- ear epiglottis
Fibro- knee, pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs

24
Q

Bone repair uses what ossification?

A

Endochondral ossification

25
Q

4 types of bone formation

A

Intramembranous- skull, clavicle
Endochondral ossification- marking rest of bones
Ectopic- bone spur
Sesamoid- formed in tendon

26
Q

Contracting Sarcomere

A

Z line- move closer together
A band- remain the same
H zone- disappears
M line- remains the same
I band- shorten

27
Q

Stretching Sarcomere

A

Z line- move further away
A band- remain the same
H zone- widen
M line- remain the same
I band- widen

28
Q

3 types of muscle fibers

A

Slow oxidative
Fast oxidative
Fast glycolytic

29
Q

Cells of CNS+Function

A

Oligodendrocytes- CNS
Schwann cells+Ganglia- PNS
Microglial-Macrophages-epidemical cells-astrocytes

30
Q

Name the 4 Neurons

A

Multipolar- interneurons+motor neurons CNS *most common
Unipolar/Bipolar- sensory neurons *Cell body found in ganglia
Interneurons- whole neuron in CNS

31
Q

Contrast Somatic vs. Visceral(ANS)

A

Somatic- outside ventral *what we understand. Voluntary
Visceral- inside ventral *what we don’t understand Involuntary

32
Q

Contrast Visceral(ANS) to Somatic

A

Visceral(ANS)- Signals muscle contraction smooth-cardiac-glands. Involuntary
Somatic- controls skeletal muscle Voluntary

33
Q

Tracts vs. Nerves Location

A

Tracts- CNS
Nerves- PNS

Nato (8 decks)

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