Midterm Lecture Material Flashcards
Lympathic
don’t carry blood, pickup fluids in cells that are leaked from blood, part of WBC for immunity
Reproductive
produce offspring, testis and ovaries
endocrine
pancreas, thymus, testis, and pituitary. Release hormones to regulate a process in our body
Integumentary
external body covering, protect and understand what externally happening
golgi apparatus
Post office package, modify, ship proteins to proper destination
lysosome
kills cells ingest foreign part and vessel fuses w/ lysosome
Rough ER
membranous site for protein synthesis. Makes phospholipids, membrane bound
mitochondria
production of cellular energy
*cristae (folded membrane)
electron transport, increase ATP
Maternal DNA
peroxisome
contains oxidase and catalase enzymes to neutralize free radicals
ribosome
involved in protein synthesis, not membrane bound
2 subunits
Ribosomal RNA and protein
nucleus
control center of cells and contain DNA
2 nucleus
Pores that control specific enter and exit
Nucleolus- ribosomal assembly
4 major tissues and their function
Epithelial- covers or lines (digestive tube)
CT- supports (blood-ligaments)
Muscle- movement
Nervous- control
Function of Str Squ-Simp Squ-Trans Epi
Str Squ- protection
Simp Squ- diffusion
Trans Epi- stretching
Name the 8 types of CT Proper
Loose: Areolar-Adipocyte-Reticular
Dense: Regular, Irregular, Elastic
Cartilage
Bone, Blood Tissue
What tissue has keratin?
Stratified squamous
Cartilage vs Bone Tissue
C- avascular, not innervated, chondroblasts, chondrocytes
B- vascular, innervated, ostoeblasts, osteocytes
2 layers of the skin
Dermis- papillary layer, reticular layer
Epidermis-B(germinativum)-S-G-L(only thick skin)-C
All derivatives of the skin are?
Hair-Nails-Glands
4 cells found in the skin+its layer?
Melanocytes+Merkel(germinativum)
Langerhans(spinosum)
Keritinocytes(all layers) *superior to spinosum layer
What layer do keratinocytes die?
Stratum granulosum (not enough air)
Function of the 4 types of glands?
Sebaceous- oil on surface
Eccrine- true sweat
Apocrine- pheromones, information on immune system
Ceruminous- wax
3 types of skin cancer
Basal cell carcinoma B- keratinocytes *easiest to cure
Squamous cell carcinoma S- keratinocytes *easy to cure
Melanoma BG- melanocytes *most dangerous
3 types of cartilage
Hyaline- *most abundant embryonic skeleton
Elastic- ear epiglottis
Fibro- knee, pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs
Bone repair uses what ossification?
Endochondral ossification
4 types of bone formation
Intramembranous- skull, clavicle
Endochondral ossification- marking rest of bones
Ectopic- bone spur
Sesamoid- formed in tendon
Contracting Sarcomere
Z line- move closer together
A band- remain the same
H zone- disappears
M line- remains the same
I band- shorten
Stretching Sarcomere
Z line- move further away
A band- remain the same
H zone- widen
M line- remain the same
I band- widen
3 types of muscle fibers
Slow oxidative
Fast oxidative
Fast glycolytic
Cells of CNS+Function
Oligodendrocytes- CNS
Schwann cells+Ganglia- PNS
Microglial-Macrophages-epidemical cells-astrocytes
Name the 4 Neurons
Multipolar- interneurons+motor neurons CNS *most common
Unipolar/Bipolar- sensory neurons *Cell body found in ganglia
Interneurons- whole neuron in CNS
Contrast Somatic vs. Visceral(ANS)
Somatic- outside ventral *what we understand. Voluntary
Visceral- inside ventral *what we don’t understand Involuntary
Contrast Visceral(ANS) to Somatic
Visceral(ANS)- Signals muscle contraction smooth-cardiac-glands. Involuntary
Somatic- controls skeletal muscle Voluntary
Tracts vs. Nerves Location
Tracts- CNS
Nerves- PNS
