Midterm Evals - October 2019 Flashcards
Descriptive studies do
Draw inferences about cause and effect
Commonly used control group
Hospital-based
Best control group
Population-based
Unit of measurement in case control
Odds ratio
Inappropriate conclusion on an individual absed on ecological date
Ecological Fallacy
Group of individuals as a whole is used to determine efficacy of a drug/procedure
Community trial
To test BCG vaccination
Preventive/Prophylactic trials
Type of clinical trial when investigator intervenes before a disease has developed
Intervention
Type of clinical trial given in an attempt to relieve smptoms
Therapeutic
To test efficacy of a preventive/therapuetic agent or procedure
Clinical trial
Experimental is the same with ___ because it requires follow up
Cohort
Study design considered as “prevalence study”
cross sectional
Cohort
incidence
Ratio between incidence of exposed and non-exposed-
relative risk
Why compute sample size-
POPULATION IS LARGE, TIME CONSTRAINT,HUMANPOWER CONSTRAINT,
BUDGET CONSTRAINT
Advantage of sampling method
REDUCED COST, GREATER SPEED, GREATER SCOPE, GREATER
ACCURACY
Unit of analysis are population. Information about exposure and outcome is collected at group level
Ecological Studies
Careful detailed report of the profile of a single patient, most basic type of descriptive study
Case
Report
Longer lasting cases are detected, may under represent diseases with short duration-
Neyman Bias
Investigator anticipate most likely responses to the questions
Close ended questions
Type of question when asking for age
Fill in the blank questions
