Midterm EEG

Question 1

what is EEG?

Answer 1

recording of electrical activity of pyramidal neurons in superficial layer of cortex. 1000s of neurons’ dipoles recorded through electrical signal and action potential

Question 2

how to make EEG accurate

Answer 2

many trials, background noise is inherent because electrical activity must pass through many muting biological filters and environment is never perfect.

Question 3

speed of the 4 EEG waves

Answer 3

Beta: >13Hz (14-30) (faster)
Alpha: 8-13 Hz
Theta: 4-7.5 Hz
Delta: 1-3.5 Hz (slower)

Question 4

Beta waves

Answer 4

• High frequency, low amplitude
• awaken state
• conscious and logical though
• stimulating
• proper B allows for focus, memory, problem solving
• rises = anxiety
• suppression = depression, daydreaming

Question 5

Alpha waves

Answer 5

• promote deep relaxation
• in daydreaming state or inability to focus
• high alpha seen when people are comfortable and relaxed
• suppressed = insomnia and anxiety

Question 6

Theta waves

Answer 6

• associated with sleep or daydreaming
• increase intuition, creativity, feeling of being natural
• high theta = creativity, emotional connection, intuition, relaxation
• high theta WHILE AWAKE = impulsivity, depression, inattentiveness
• low theta = anxiety, poor emotional awareness

Question 7

Delta waves

Answer 7

• Slowest
• most often in babies
• deepest relaxation, restorative/ healing sleep
• adequate amounts = rejuvenated, promotes immune system, natural healing
• can often be seen following brain injury = inability to think, learn, severe ADHD.
• when delta are suppressed = inability to revitalize and rejuvenate brain, poor sleeps

Question 8

Non-REM sleep stage 1

Answer 8

more theta activity, loss of alpha, vertex sharp waves

Question 9

Non REM sleep stage 2

Answer 9

theta and delta waves
vertex sharp waves
K complexes
sleep spindles

Question 10

Non-REM sleep stage 3

Answer 10

higher voltage delta waves that are 20-50% of the background over time

Question 11

Non-REM sleep Stage 4

Answer 11

more than 50% delta slow waves

Question 12

REM sleep

Answer 12

• return of beta activity
• loss of muscle tone except in diaphragmatic muscles
• rapid eye movements
• dreaming
• 10 mins/ epoch (per cycle?)
• total REM/ night decreases with age. 8hrs at birth, 2hrs at 20yrs, 45mins at 70yrs